Experimental Ivermectin Treatment of Sarcoptic Mange and Establishment of a Mange-Free Population of Spanish Ibex

Abstract

Ivermectin was used to treat sarcoptic mange in Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica). Its therapeutic effectiveness was analyzed when it was administered through subcutaneous injection, to sick animals in the consolidation stage of mange (third phase) and, with double injections to chronically affected animals (fourth phase) at a dosage of 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg body weight (bw). Three wk after treatment, the animals in the third phase of mange treated with a high dose (0.4 mg/kg bw) of ivermectin were completely cured. The same result was achieved after 4 wk of treatment in those animals in phase 3 of mange when 0.2 mg/kg body weight was used. Double injection with ivermectin, even at high doses, did not guarantee the complete cure of all cases of sarcoptic mange in the chronic stage (phase 4); only three of six animals were free of Sarcoptes scabiei. The second experiment consisted on the application of a sanitation program in order to obtain a population of Spanish ibex free from S. scabiei, starting with free-ranging animals, some of them healthy and others sick. After capture the animals were classified as chronically ill, in which case they were excluded from the program, mite carriers and healthy specimens. All the animals were treated first topically with foxim (500 mg/l) and subcutaneously with ivermectin (0.4 mg/kg bw). The infected animals were housed in the treatment pen, and received two doses of ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg bw) at an interval of 15 days, then spent 15 days in the quarantine pen, where they received a further dose before they were included in the pool of healthy animals, and immediately were placed in the quarantine phase. The sanitation we implemented was fully effective in curing the affliction of Spanish ibex affected by S. scabiei.

Therapeutic Options in Management of a Clinical Case of Chorioptic Mange in a Goat

“…Selective administration of ivermectin has been reported to be successful in treating mange infestation in goats (Leon-Vizcaino et al, 2001;Marimuthu et al, 2015). However, the treatment of Chorioptic mange with ivermectin has proved to be less effective in this study as lesions persisted even after the completion of the recommended treatment regime.…”

“…Scabies scrapings can be collected deep around scabs until blood oozes out, samples are then processed and viewed under the microscope to identify the mite (Chanie et al, 2010). Treatment of mange is mostly done using ivermectin at the dose of 0.2 mg/kg, doramectin at 200 µg/kg at weekly intervals (Leon-Vizcaino et al, 2001;Marimuthu et al, 2015). Many literature have reported that chemical dipping (0.05% diaznon, 0.1% phoxin, lime sulphur and triclorfon) is the most effective way Case Report Abstract | A Jamnapari buck was presented during a farm visit with a history of skin itching and loss of hair.…”

Effect of Systemic Ivermectin on Epidermal Tunnel Size, Severe Asthetic Appearance of Skin, Haematological and Biochemical Inbalances Caused by Sarcoptes scabie var caprae in West African Dwarf Goats, in Ibadan, Nigeria

“…However, goats treated with ivermectin showed significant improvements in the reduction of adult mite and egg count, and in the appearance of skin coat post treatment, as there was marked reduction in the epidermal tunnel height and diameter after 4 weeks of treatment , as ivermectin has cleared all mite stages from the skin and gross lesions started resolving at day 11 of second treatment, this agrees with the work of Leon-Vizcaıno et al (2001) in wild goat and Alayande et al (2002) in West African dwarf goats who noted that there was marked decrease in the mean number of adult mites at 7 days post treatment with ivermectin in goats and at day 14 post treatment, almost all goats were cleared of infestation. This implies that ivermectin being systemic is fast in its mode of action and effectively rid the skin of the goats of infestation of mites and also neutralizing the histamine released by destroyed cells due to these burrowing mites thereby relieving the treated goats.…”

Effects of Ivermectin on Blood-Feeding Phlebotomus papatasi, and the Promastigote Stage of Leishmania major

“…IVM is relatively nontoxic to most vertebrates, and so it has been used to lower filaremia in humans, thereby significantly reducing the transmission of filariasis (Boatin et al 1998, Foley et al 2000. In veterinary medicine, wildlife management, and even in aquaculture, IVM has valuable efficacy against a wide range of parasitic nematodes and arthropods (Campbell et al 1983, Jackson 1989, Strong 1993, Davies and Rodger 2001, Leó n-Vizcaíno et al 2001, Geary 2005.…”