Experimental observations of underwater detonations near the water surface

Craig, Brian A.

doi:10.2172/4311912

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…(2021b). This concept is an analogue of the scaled depth used to analyze subsurface blast experiments (Goto et al., 2001; Houser, 1969; Yokoo et al., 2002) and underwater explosion experiments (Craig, 1974). These two concepts are developed for the case of a single, discrete eruption or explosion respectively.…”

Section: Effective Scaled Water Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective scaled water depth, which combines the water depth and source intensity, is defined and applied in discrete eruption experiments to classify the underwater eruption regimes in Shen et al (2021b). This concept is an analogue of the scaled depth used to analyze subsurface blast experiments (Goto et al, 2001;Houser, 1969;Yokoo et al, 2002) and underwater explosion experiments (Craig, 1974). These two concepts are developed for the case of a single, discrete eruption or explosion respectively.…”

Section: Effective Scaled Water Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waves Generated by Discrete and Sustained Gas Eruptions With Implications for Submarine Volcanic Tsunamis

Shen

Whittaker

Lane

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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Impulsive subaqueous volcanic eruptions can displace a large volume of water, which has the potential to initiate local tsunamis (Day, 2015). Tsunamis triggered by underwater volcanic eruptions are relatively infrequent, accounting for approximately 1% of recorded tsunamis (Latter, 1981). Compared to tsunami generation by earthquakes or landslides, which account for 81% and 7% of recorded tsunamis respectively (Harbitz et al., 2014), the consequences of submarine volcanic sources may therefore be underestimated (Paris, 2015). Although submarine volcanic eruptions represent about three-quarters of global volcanism (most are effusive eruptions, but explosive ones also occur), these eruptions account for only 8% of the recorded eruptions because of the difficulties in obtaining observations (Cashman & Fiske, 1991;Mastin & Witter, 2000;Resing et al., 2011;White et al., 2015). No field data set completely records a submarine volcanic tsunami from the source dynamics to the water-volcanic substance interactions and finally to spatio-temporally resolved waves (Dürig et al., 2020;Embley et al., 2006;Shen et al., 2021b). Hence, laboratory experiments are required to better understand this hazard mechanism.Recent work (Shen et al., 2021b) has found that, for a given source intensity, there is a critical water depth at which a discrete eruption generates the largest wave heights. This opens two questions: (a) How does the

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Section: Effective Scaled Water Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effective Scaled Water Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waves Generated by Discrete and Sustained Gas Eruptions With Implications for Submarine Volcanic Tsunamis

Shen

Whittaker

Lane

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Stepanov and Navagin (1966) investigated fountain development due to shallow submerged explosions and found that there is an optimal explosion depth (roughly 60% of water depth) at which an explosion would generate the maximum mass of water in the fountain. Craig (1974) also found that the maximum wave heights would be generated when an explosion occurred at two-thirds of total water depth toward the bottom by carrying out a suite of underwater detonation experiments. Stepanov and Navagin (1966) and Craig (1974) found the optimal explosion depth using experiments with one explosive energy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Craig (1974) also found that the maximum wave heights would be generated when an explosion occurred at two-thirds of total water depth toward the bottom by carrying out a suite of underwater detonation experiments. Stepanov and Navagin (1966) and Craig (1974) found the optimal explosion depth using experiments with one explosive energy. It is still unclear whether the optimal explosion depth would change with different explosive energy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Laboratory Experiments on Tsunamigenic Discrete Subaqueous Volcanic Eruptions. Part 2: Properties of Generated Waves

et al. 2021

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Although only about 5% of tsunamis have been generated by volcanic eruptions, these tsunamis caused approximately 25% of all the deaths associated with volcanic eruptions (Latter, 1981;Mastin & Witter, 2000). Compared with tsunamis generated by subaerial volcanic eruptions, tsunamis generated by submarine volcanic eruptions are more complicated and less studied by researchers. This is because a number of poorly understood processes combine to produce sudden and dynamic effects. First, the source properties of submarine volcanic eruptions are still poorly understood (White et al., 2015) despite direct observations of the

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Tsunami Generation by Underwater Volcanic Explosions: Application to the 1952 Explosions of Myojinsho Volcano

Lipiejko

Whittaker

Lane

et al. 2021

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Experimental observations of underwater detonations near the water surface

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Waves Generated by Discrete and Sustained Gas Eruptions With Implications for Submarine Volcanic Tsunamis

Waves Generated by Discrete and Sustained Gas Eruptions With Implications for Submarine Volcanic Tsunamis

Laboratory Experiments on Tsunamigenic Discrete Subaqueous Volcanic Eruptions. Part 2: Properties of Generated Waves

Tsunami Generation by Underwater Volcanic Explosions: Application to the 1952 Explosions of Myojinsho Volcano

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