Experimental palatal candidosis and saliva flow in monkeys

Olsen, Ingar; Haanæs, Hans R.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1977.tb00544.x

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The attachment of certain oral bacteria to hydroxyapatite is similarly inhibited by saliva (Clark and Gibbons, 1977;Gibbons and van Houte, 1980). Our results also support the in-situ observations of Olsen and Haanaes (1977) that yeast colonisation of acrylic plates worn by monkeys with a reduced salivary flow was increased. Furthermore, chronic oral candidal infections are commonly seen in patients with Sjogrens syndrome, whose salivary flow is absent or minimal (MacFarlane and Mason, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of saliva and serum on the adherence of Candida species to chlorhexidine-treated denture acrylic

McCourtie

MacFarlane

Samaranayake

1986

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary. The effect of saliva and serum on the adherence of five strains of Candida albicans and one each of C. tropicalis and C. glabrata to chlorhexidine-pretreated acrylic was measured in vitro. A four-fold dilution of saliva or serum significantly inactivated the fungicidal effect of chlorhexidine gluconate. Pretreatment of the acrylic with unstimulated mixed saliva for 30 min led to a reduced adherence for all the Candida strains tested, whilst a similar pretreatment with serum slightly increased adhesion. Moreover treatment of saliva-or serum-coated acrylic with chlorhexidine gluconate 2% reduced adherence by between 19% and 86%. The inhibition of yeast adherence by chlorhexidine persisted for up to 19 days after the exposure of the acrylic strips to the disinfectant.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of saliva and serum on the adherence of Candida species to chlorhexidine-treated denture acrylic

McCourtie

MacFarlane

Samaranayake

1986

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Other predisposing factors for oral candidiasis that have come under scrutiny in a number of animal models include broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy (5,82,(155)(156)(157), carbohydrate-rich diets (66,154,155), topical use of corticosteroids (47), corticosteroid inhalation (28), trauma (131), iron deficiency (147,185), diabetes (51), xerostomia (1,83,84,119,133), decrease in CD4 ϩ T-cell counts and phagocytic function (31,32), defective T-cell function (16), and immunosuppressive therapy (27,172). Undoubtedly, these studies have helped us to understand the etiology of oral candidiasis and the development of the management protocols that are currently prevalent.…”

Section: Need For and Clinical Relevance Of Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, primates are relatively expensive and difficult to maintain, especially for large-scale experiments. Some workers have also reported that artificial oral infestation of monkeys with Candida is difficult and unreliable (133). Hence, the monkey model has been largely replaced by smaller mammals such as rats and mice, which have gained popularity.…”

Section: Pros and Cons Of Current Animal Models Monkey Model (Macaca mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another group of workers used the same model but a different monkey species, Cercopithecus aethiops, to induce thrush using maxillary acrylic plates and inoculations of C. albicans (133). They investigated the effect of a reduced salivary flow induced by systemic oxyphencyclimine chloride on pseudomembranous lesions under a maxillary plate.…”

Section: Monkey Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Oral Candidiasis in Animal Models

2001

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Oral candidiasis is as much the final outcome of the vulnerability of the host as of the virulence of the invading organism. We review here the extensive literature on animal experiments mainly appertaining to the host predisposing factors that initiate and perpetuate these infections. The monkey, rat, and mouse are the choice models for investigating oral candidiasis, but comparisons between the same or different models appear difficult, because of variables such as the study design, the number of animals used, their diet, the differences in Candida strains, and the duration of the studies. These variables notwithstanding, the following could be concluded. (i) The primate model is ideal for investigating Candida-associated denture stomatitis since both erythematous and pseudomembranous lesions have been produced in monkeys with prosthetic plates; they are, however, expensive and difficult to obtain and maintain. (ii) The rat model (both Sprague-Dawley and Wistar) is well proven for observing chronic oral candidal colonization and infection, due to the ease of breeding and handling and their ready availability. (iii) Mice are similar, but in addition there are well characterized variants simulating immunologic and genetic abnormalities (e.g., athymic, euthymic, murine-acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and severe combined immunodeficient models) and hence are used for short-term studies relating the host immune response and oral candidiasis. Nonetheless, an ideal, relatively inexpensive model representative of the human oral environment in ecological and microbiological terms is yet to be described. Until such a model is developed, researchers should pay attention to standardization of the experimental protocols described here to obtain broadly comparable and meaningful data

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“…Also used were macaques (Budtz-Jorgensen, 1971, 1973Olsen & Haanaes, 1977) and BI0 87.20 hamsters (McMillan & Cowell, 1985). All the above experimental animals with the exception of the mice were noninbred.…”

Section: Streptococcus Salivarius and Streptococcus Mitiormentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of inbred germ-free Fischer 344 albino rats as an experimental model for oral candidiasis

1989

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SummaryInbred germ-free Fischer 344 albino rats were evaluated as models for experimental candidiasis in order to investigate bacterial interaction with Candida albicans. Female rats were exposed to C. albicans in their drinking water and killed at intervals from 2 to 22 days after initial contact with the contaminant.C. albicans was cultured from their mouths from day 2 but from day 12 the number of colonies decreased. From day 2 to 9 all rats showed oral histological signs of candidal infestation, but after 9 days the number declined to 3 out of 9 at 22 days. The dorsal surface of the tongue was the best histological indicator of candidal infestation. All the rats had tongue lesions from day 4 to 9, and from day 6 there was also a concomitant localized loss of filiform papillae. The number of rats with all forms of tongue involvement also decreased after 9 days with only 3 out of 9 affected at 22 days. It is concluded that Fischer 344 inbred germ-free rats can be used on a limited scale as a model for candidiasis and bacterial interaction with C. albicans, the dorsal surface of the tongue would be the best site for studying candidal experimental lesions and it is probable that better results can be achieved with complete standardization of contamination and preparation procedures.

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Experimental palatal candidosis and saliva flow in monkeys

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of saliva and serum on the adherence of Candida species to chlorhexidine-treated denture acrylic

Effect of saliva and serum on the adherence of Candida species to chlorhexidine-treated denture acrylic

Experimental Oral Candidiasis in Animal Models

Evaluation of inbred germ-free Fischer 344 albino rats as an experimental model for oral candidiasis

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