Experimental Pancreatitis in Pigs

Thorpe, Christian D.

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1971.01350120084015

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We therefore tried to find an alternative to contrast-enhanced CT that would not need enhancement, and the reproducibility of measurements was tested. Macroscopic and microscopic findings relating to the 2 types of pancreatitis were as expected, based on previous experiments (6,7,8,18). In some cases it was difficult to identify the pancreas in the turbo FLASH sequence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…under low pressure (40-45 em H 2 0 ) into the pancreatic duct within 10 min. Haemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced in the other II piglets by intraductal injection of a 15% sodium taurocholate solution (I ml/kg b.w., pressure 70 em H 2 0 ) (7,8,18). After induction of the disease, the duodenotomy and abdominal wall incision were closed in layers (6).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic High-Field MR Imaging in Experimental Porcine Acute Pancreatitis

Piironen

Kivisaari²,

Pitkäranta³

et al. 1995

Acta Radiol

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The effects of acute pancreatitis on MR imaging signal intensities (SIs) were determined in an experimental study at 1.0 T. Oedematous pancreatitis was induced in 9 piglets and haemorrhagic pancreatitis in II piglets. Each animal served as its own control for MR imaging before and after induction of pancreatitis. TI-weighted spin echo (450/15 ms) and dynamic turbo FLASH (flip angle 8°) sequences were used without contrast medium in testing the stability of the SI measurements. There was no significant difference in the SI-versus-time curves of the pancreas in piglets with oedematous and haemorrhagic pancreatitis. However, the difference in mean SIs between healthy and diseased piglets was significant. Thus, although non-contrast MR may be useful in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, it does not distinguish between oedematous and haemorrhagic pancreatitis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic High-Field MR Imaging in Experimental Porcine Acute Pancreatitis

Piironen

Kivisaari²,

Pitkäranta³

et al. 1995

Acta Radiol

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“…Another possible explana tion for the low recovery is the loss of immunoreactivity of the active tissue kallikrein due to enzymatic proteolysis of the kallikrein mol ecule by enzymes present in plasma [26,27], Bile-induced, experimental pancreatitis is thought to resemble bilestone-associated pan creatitis in man, although some authors con- sider that the model has some shortcomings [28]. Our experimental models are well-stan dardized models [12] and have been used by us in several earlier studies [11,13]. The addi tion of trypsin to the injected bile results in a more severe pancreatitis and enhanced mor tality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pancreatitis was induced in group A by injection of 30 ml of a solution of 15% (w/v) sodium taurocholate and 30% (v/v) bile (from the pig) into the pancreatic duct over 30 s [ 11,12] and in group B by injection of a solution of 20 ml 15 % (w/v) sodium taurocholate and 0.1% (w/v) porcine trypsin into the pancreatic duct over 1 min with an automatic syringe pump [12,13], The abdomen was closed. The experiment was continued for 24 h. or less if the pig died earlier.…”

Section: Chemical Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Release of Tissue Kallikrein in Experimental Pancreatitis in the Pig

Bläckberg

Ohlsson

1994

Eur Surg Res

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The activation of the kallikrein-kinin system is thought to be one of the pathophysiological factors in acute pancreatitis. A radioimmunoassay for porcine, pancreatic tissue kallikrein was developed and used to measure levels in normal plasma and peritoneal fluid and in experimental, bile-induced (group and bile trypsin-induced (group B) acute pancreatitis in the pig. Normal porcine plasma and peritoneal fluid contained about 2.17 ± 0.11 and 1.91 ± 0.19 µg/l (SEM) tissue kallikrein, respectively. In experimental, acute pancreatitis there was a rapid rise in the plasma level of tissue kallikrein, followed by a slow increase to a final value of about 150% of the normal plasma level in both groups. In the peritoneal exudate a large increase (200-fold in group A and 2,000-fold in group in tissue kallikrein was seen, with a maximum within about 1/3 of the survival time, followed by a slow decrease until death in group B. In group A a smaller second peak was seen at about 2/3 of the survival time. Gelfiltration of peritoneal exudates showed complexes with alpha₁-, alpha₂-macroglobulin (α₁α₂-M), and alphai-proteinase inhibitor (α₁-PI) and a large portion of free tissue kallikrein. The complexes with α₁α₂-M and the free tissue kallikrein were found to be enzymatically active when tested on chromogenic tripeptide substrate. The presence of large amounts of free and active tissue kallikrein in the peritoneal exudate leads us to the conclusion that tissue kallikrein may be a major cause of local release of kinins in acute pancreatitis.

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“…Simple bile reflux after papillotomy and other surgical procedures usually do not induce pancreatitis in man. Our experimen tal model in pig is a well standardized model, which includes high pressure injection, and has been used by other authors [23,24],…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Cationic Elastase in Porcine Experimental Pancreatitis

Håkansson

Borgström²,

Ohlsson³

1991

Eur Surg Res

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A radioimmunoassay for porcine, cationic, pancreatic elastase (irPE) is described. Normal porcine serum contains only small amounts of irPE (<3 µg/l). IrPE in serum and peritoneal exudate from 6 pigs with experimental pancreatitis was found mainly in a molecular form corresponding to free pro-enzyme. The presence of α₁-, α₂-macroglobulin-bound elastase-like enzymatic activity in the peritoneal exudates from pigs with pancreatitis, however, indicates that the proteinase is to some extent released as the active enzyme. In some pigs with pancreatitis, the elastase-like activity against Succ(Ala) in the peritoneal exudates increased during the experiment, arguing for a progressive activation of pro-elastase. Free proteolytic activity was not observed in any of the peritoneal exudates. This low degree of activation of elastase and the fact that the elastase inhibiting capacity is substantially larger than the trypsin inhibiting capacity in serum and biological fluids, leads us to the conclusion that active elastase is not a factor of principal importance in the pathogenesis of proteinase inhibitor consumption and tissue damage in our experimental pancreatitis model.

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Experimental Pancreatitis in Pigs

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Dynamic High-Field MR Imaging in Experimental Porcine Acute Pancreatitis

Dynamic High-Field MR Imaging in Experimental Porcine Acute Pancreatitis

Studies on the Release of Tissue Kallikrein in Experimental Pancreatitis in the Pig

Pancreatic Cationic Elastase in Porcine Experimental Pancreatitis

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