Experimental scaling law for mass ablation rate from a Sn plasma generated by a 1064 nm laser

Burdt, R.; Yuspeh, S.; Sequoia, K.; Tao, Y.; Tillack, M. S.; Najmabadi, F.

doi:10.1063/1.3190537

Cited by 52 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Since the second heating pulse does not contribute to further sample removal, one is able to quantitatively compare SP-and DP-LIBS results using the same amount of ablated mass and demonstrate the improvement in excitation provided by DP-LIBS. Burdt et al [30] have shown through experiments, modeling, and comparisons to similar works that proved consistent to theirs, that the mass ablation rate is proportional to laser intensity as ṁ ∝ I L 5/9 for constant laser wavelength and target. As laser intensity is directly proportional to laser energy, the mass ablation rate can be rewritten as ṁ ∝ E L 5/9 to compare the sample removal rates at different prepulse laser energies.…”

Section: Double Pulse Libssupporting

confidence: 58%

Improvements in discrimination of bulk and trace elements in long-wavelength double pulse LIBS

Freeman

Diwakar

Harilal

et al. 2014

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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In this work we study the effectiveness of long-wavelength heating in double pulse (DP) LIBS, quantitatively comparing figures of merit with those from traditional single pulse (SP) LIBS. The first laser pulse serves as the source of sample ablation, creating an aerosol-like plume that is subsequently reheated by the second laser pulse. At power densities used, the long-wavelength CO 2 laser pulse does not ablate any of the solid sample in the atmospheric conditions investigated, meaning plasma emission and enhanced signal can be entirely attributed to the reheated plume rather than increased sample ablation. The signal discrimination was improved significantly using long-wavelength DP-LIBS. For bulk elemental analysis, DP-LIBS provided maximum enhancements of about 14 and 15 times for S/N and S/B, respectively, compared to SP-LIBS using the same quantity of ablated sample. For trace elemental analysis, maximum enhancements of about 7 and 4 times for S/N and S/B, respectively, were observed. These improvements are attributed to effective coupling between the second heating pulse and expanding plume and more efficient excitation of plume species than from the single pulse alone. Most significant improvements were observed in the case of low prepulse energy and minimal sample ablation. While bulk elemental analysis observed improvements for all prepulse energies studied, trace element discrimination only significantly improved for the lowest prepulse energy studied.

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Section: Double Pulse Libssupporting

confidence: 58%

Improvements in discrimination of bulk and trace elements in long-wavelength double pulse LIBS

Freeman

Diwakar

Harilal

et al. 2014

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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“…Complete recombination is prevented by fast plasma expansion to a sufficiently rarefied state where recombination processes become negligible. 5 The EUV radiation emitted by the plasma is collected and focused with a large and expensive x-ray optic surrounding the plasma. 1,4 Charge state freezing in laser produced plasma ͑LPP͒ has important implications for several applications.…”

Section: Recombination Effects During Expansion Into Vacuum In Laser mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombination effects during expansion into vacuum in laser produced Sn plasma

Burdt

Ueno

Tao

et al. 2010

Applied Physics Letters

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The distance over which the charge state distribution evolves during the expansion of laser produced Sn plasma in vacuum is investigated experimentally. This distance is found to be less than 6 cm with a planar target irradiated by a 1.064 μm laser at 8.3×1011 W/cm2 but greater than 60 cm when a 10.6 μm laser at 2.5×1010 W/cm2 is used. The difference is attributed to the laser wavelength dependence of the coronal electron density and the subsequent recombination processes during expansion. Important implications to the extreme ultraviolet x-ray source application are discussed specifically.

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“…1. 16,17 The charge state resolved ion energy distributions are measured with an electrostatic deflection probe and single channel electron multiplier ͑CEM͒. The experiments are conducted in vacuum below 3 ϫ 10 −6 torr so chargeexchange with the ambient will be negligible.…”

Section: Experimental Conditions and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser wavelength effects on the charge state resolved ion energy distributions from laser-produced Sn plasma

Burdt

Tao

Tillack

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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The effects of laser wavelength on the charge state resolved ion energy distributions from laser-produced Sn plasma freely expanding into vacuum are investigated. Planar Sn targets are irradiated at laser wavelengths of 10.6 and 1.064 m and intensities of 1.8ϫ 10 10 and 3.4 ϫ 10 11 W / cm 2 , respectively. These parameters are relevant to the extreme ultraviolet x-ray source application. An electrostatic deflection probe and single channel electron multiplier are used to record the charge state resolved ion energy distributions 100 cm from the laser plasma source. At the longer laser wavelength, higher charge state ions are observed. At both laser wavelengths, the peak ion energies increase approximately linearly as a function of charge state, and all ion energies greatly exceed the initial thermal electron temperature. The differences in the ion energy distributions are attributed to the laser wavelength dependence of the laser energy absorption, the resulting plasma density in the corona, and the subsequent recombination after the laser pulse. Numerical simulations of the plasma expansion from a collisional-radiative steady state model support the experimental results.

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Experimental scaling law for mass ablation rate from a Sn plasma generated by a 1064 nm laser

Cited by 52 publications

References 17 publications

Improvements in discrimination of bulk and trace elements in long-wavelength double pulse LIBS

Improvements in discrimination of bulk and trace elements in long-wavelength double pulse LIBS

Recombination effects during expansion into vacuum in laser produced Sn plasma

Laser wavelength effects on the charge state resolved ion energy distributions from laser-produced Sn plasma

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