Experimental series and use-wear in bone tools

Ma'anshan cave and the origin of bone tool technology in China

“…Anthropogenic and natural modifications were identified on the basis of criteria outlined by various authors (Behrensmeyer et al, 1986;Fisher, 1995;Lyman, 1994;Shipman and Rose, 1983;White, 1992). Identification of the techniques used in manufacture and use-wear traces are based on observations of ethnographic, experimental, and archaeological bone tools (Bradfield, 2012;Bradfield and Brand, 2013;Bradfield and Lombard, 2011;Buc, 2011;Byrd, 2011;Christidou and Legrand, 2005;d'Errico and Henshilwood, 2007;Griffitts, 2006;Legrand and Radi, 2008;Legrand and Sid era, 2007;LeMoine, 1994;Pierre and Walker, 2007). With the exception of a single case, the bones used as blanks are not identifiable to species or anatomical element.…”

Identifying regional variability in Middle Stone Age bone technology: The case of Sibudu Cave

“…To identify the function of wedge-shaped bone tools we referred to published accounts of the experimental use of similar bone objects (Rigaud, 1984;Peltier and Plisson, 1986;Campana, 1989;d'Errico, 1993;Griffits, 1993;LeMoine, 1997;Scheinsohn, 1997;Camps-Fabrer et al, 1998;Tartar, 2003;Maigrot, 2003;Legrand, 2007;Buc, 2011), ethnographic accounts (Miles, 1963;Semenov, 1973;Yorga, 1980;Stewart, 1984;Cattelain, 1989) and wear patterns obtained by us when using fresh bone flakes for flaying and cutting fresh meat from an adult male eland, working fresh hides with the addition of sand, dry hides with the addition of salt, digging in soil to extract tubers and grubs, and removing bark from trees (Backwell and d'Errico, 2005).…”

Spatulas and abraded astragalus: Two types of tools used to process ceramics? Examples from the Romanian prehistory

“…Analytical criteria for the technological and functional interpretation of micro-stigmata were established based on comparison with recent publications on the osseous industries in Prehistory (e.g. Maigrot, 2003;Sid era and Legrand, 2006;Legrand, 2007;Legrand and Sid era, 2007;Gijn van, 2007;Gates St-Pierre, 2010;Buc, 2011).…”