Experimental studies of psychological stress in man.

Fatigue Stressors in Simulated Long-Duration Flight. Effects on Performance, Information Processing, Subjective Fatigue, and Physiological Cost

“…: 45). Berkun et al (19) perfoý-ed an extensive series of cxperiments sim..lating five stressful military situations in which the subject was led to believe that he was in inmediate danger of losing his life or being seriously injured, or that by his actions he had seriously injured one of his coworkers. All stress situations elevated 17-OHCS excretion, and the level of increase could be rank-ordered according to the level of stress presumed to be induced for each situation.…”

Human Factors in Tactical Nuclear Combat.

“…Research previously conducted by HumRRO has provided an initial methodology and conception upon which to base an attack on this difficult problem (9,16,47). Although other approaches may ultimately prove more fruitful, in general what now appears to be needed are methods for developing realistic anticipatory fears in soldiers while -assuring them that they can successfully cope with dangerous situations, without at the same time so sensitizing them to danger that they are on the road to combat exhaustion before entering combat.…”

What can a perception-memory expert tell a jury?

“…Nonetheless, numerous studies have investigated the effects of high stress on mental functioning by using animals as subjects (e.g., Yerkes & Dodson, 1908), by essentially ignoring ethical considerations (e.g., Berkun, Bialek, Kern, &Yagi, 1962), or by studying individuals who voluntarily put themselves into highly stressful conditions (e.g., Artwohl, 2003). The conclusion based on this constellation of studies is that mental functioning of various kinds is impaired under conditions of high, as compared with moderate, stress.…”