Experimental studies on fire-induced buoyant smoke temperature distribution along tunnel ceiling

Critical wind velocity for arresting upwind gas and smoke dispersion induced by near-wall fire in a road tunnel

“…The critical velocity for arresting the upwind gas and smoke dispersion predicted by CFD simulation for both near-wall fire More detailed information on these full-scale tunnel fire tests can be found in the former reports [33][34][35]. The critical velocities were measured to be 1.75 and 2.0 m s −1 for the two fires.…”

“…Grid system with the grid size of 0.083 m in the near fire region and of 0.167 m for the other region was finally used. The smoke temperatures below the tunnel ceiling at 3 and 20 m upstream from the fire predicted by this grid system were compared with measured values from full-scale tests [34] in Fig. 3.…”

A study on ceiling jet characteristics in an inclined tunnel

“…However, the results and conclusions are difficult to apply on fire-induced flows for real-scale tunnel. Fire experiments in the horizontal tunnel were conducted (Hu et al, 2005(Hu et al, , 2007(Hu et al, , 2004(Hu et al, -2005Yang et al, 2010). The longitudinal temperature rise of smoke layer in the one-dimensional spreading region along the tunnel can be fitted by an exponential decay curve.…”

Studies on Smoke Temperature Distribution in a Building Corridor Based on Reduced-scale Experiments

“…Later, Hu et al (2006) carried out fullscale burning tests in two vehicular tunnels with and without operating the longitudinal ventilation system to study the smoke temperature below the ceiling under different longitudinal velocities. Additionally, the distribution of smoke temperature along the tunnel ceiling, with variation of the fire size and the tunnel geometry, was also investigated by Hu et al (2007). In a full-scale tunnel, Tong et al (2009) studied the smoke flow due to fires in a naturally ventilated road tunnel with shafts.…”