Experimental Study of Acceptor Removal in UFSD

Jin, Yufeng; Ren, Hang; Christie, Simon; Galloway, Z.; Gee, C. M.; Labitan, C.; Lockerby, M.; Martinez-McKinney, F.; Mazza, S. M.; Padilla, R.; Sadrozinski, H.F.-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.; Wilder, M.; Wyatt, William F.; Zhao, Y.; Arcidiacono, R.; Cartiglia, N.; Ferrero, M.; Mandurrino, M.; Siviero, F.; Sola, V.; Cindro, V.; Howard, A. S.; Kramberger, G.; Mandić, I.; Mikuž, M.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2020.164611

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As a result, we show that the probe station can be used as a fast and reliable way to establish sensor quality control during the production phase of the CMS and ATLAS timing detectors. A similar correspondence between the gain layer depletion voltage and the operating voltage has been established for wide variation between distinct sensor designs [7]. In contrast, the results shown here probe this relationship with a larger sensor population, and focus on variation within the manufacturing tolerance for the context of production quality control.…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

Combined analysis of HPK 3.1 LGADs using a proton beam, beta source, and probe station towards establishing high volume quality control

Heller

Abreu

Apresyan

et al. 2021

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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The upgrades of the CMS and ATLAS experiments for the high luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider will employ precision timing detectors based on Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs). We present a suite of results combining measurements from the Fermilab Test Beam Facility, a beta source telescope, and a probe station, allowing full characterization of the HPK type 3.1 production of LGAD prototypes developed for these detectors. We demonstrate that the LGAD response to high energy test beam particles is accurately reproduced with a beta source. We further establish that probe station measurements of the gain implant accurately predict the particle response and operating parameters of each sensor, and conclude that the uniformity of the gain implant in this production is sufficient to produce full-sized sensors for the ATLAS and CMS timing detectors.

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supporting

confidence: 78%

Combined analysis of HPK 3.1 LGADs using a proton beam, beta source, and probe station towards establishing high volume quality control

Heller

Abreu

Apresyan

et al. 2021

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…The two intercepts of the linear fits to the data in the three regions provide the gain layer depletion voltage V gl and the full bulk depletion voltage V fd . Changes in gain layer depletion have previously been shown to correlate with charge collection performance [10].…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Low Gain Avalanche Detector Prototypes’ Response to Gamma Radiation

et al. 2022

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Motivated by the need for fast timing detectors to withstand up to 2 MGy of ionizing dose at the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, prototype low gain avalanche detectors (LGADs) have been fabricated in a single pad configuration, 2 × 2 arrays, and related p-i-n diodes, and exposed to Co-60 sources for study. Devices were fabricated with a range of dopant layer concentrations, and for the arrays, a variety of inter-pad distances and distances from the active area to the edge. Measurements of capacitance versus voltage and leakage current versus voltage have been made to compare pre- and post-irradiation characteristics in gain layer depletion voltage, full bulk depletion voltage, and breakdown voltage. Conclusions are drawn regarding the effects of the gammas on both surface and interface states and on their contribution to acceptor removal through non-ionizing energy loss from Compton electrons or photoelectrons. Comparison of the performances of members of the set of devices can be used to optimize gain layer parameters.

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“…12. Correlation between the bias for gain G=8, V(G=8), and the depletion voltage of the gain layer (V GL ) for three tested sensors [22].…”

Section: Radiation Hardness Overview Of Lgadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance of the LGADs after irradiation with neutrons and protons is compromised by the removal of acceptors in the thin layer below the junction responsible for the gain [21]. This effect was tested both with capacitance-voltage measurements of the doping concentration and with measurements of charge collection using charged particles [22]. A perfect linear correlation between the bias voltage to deplete the gain layer determined with C-V and the bias voltage to collect a defined charge, measured with charge collection, was found.…”

Section: Radiation Hardness Overview Of Lgadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors for 4-dimensional Tracking Applications in Severe Radiation Environments

Currás

2021

Proceedings of the 29th International Workshop on Vertex Detectors (VERTEX2020)

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For the High Luminosity upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), the collider will reach a peak instantaneous luminosity of 5 × 10 34 cm −2 s −1 , with a total integrated luminosity of ∼ 3000 f b −1 after around 12 years of expected lifetime. The pile-up during the p + p + collisions is expected to reach values of ∼ 200 and the experiments are expected to be exposed to radiation levels up to 1.6 × 10 16 n eq cm −2 at the innermost layers of the detectors. Moreover, in future proposal colliders, like for example FCC-hh, the pile-up is expected to be a factor of five higher while the radiation levels will increase by a factor of ten with respect to the HL-LHC. Under this scenario, in the framework of ATLAS, CMS, RD50 and other sensor R&D projects, radiation tolerant silicon sensors for timing and tracking applications are being developed. Giving the expected radiation levels and the demanding spatial resolution plus timing capabilities required, one important line of research is focused on silicon sensors with intrinsic charge gain: Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs). This paper aims to give an overview of the current status of this technology. The most interesting approaches for future 4-dimensional tracking applications based on the LGAD technology will be presented here. In addition, the latest results on the performance after irradiation of standard LGADs will be reviewed too.

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Experimental Study of Acceptor Removal in UFSD

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Combined analysis of HPK 3.1 LGADs using a proton beam, beta source, and probe station towards establishing high volume quality control

Combined analysis of HPK 3.1 LGADs using a proton beam, beta source, and probe station towards establishing high volume quality control

Characterization of Low Gain Avalanche Detector Prototypes’ Response to Gamma Radiation

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors for 4-dimensional Tracking Applications in Severe Radiation Environments

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