Experimental study of ethylene counterflow diffusion flames perturbed by trace amounts of jet fuel and jet fuel surrogates under incipiently sooting conditions

Jahangirian, Saeed; McEnally, Charles S.; Gomez, Alessandro

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.03.003

Cited by 45 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The chemical analysis is performed with an Agilent GC-MS system detailed in [31]. Briefly, once the sample is retrieved from the flame, it is split into two columns with different sensors: the flame ionization detector for CO, CO 2 , and hydrocarbons up to C 2 (a methanizer converts CO and CO 2 to CH 4 for detection by the FID), and MS for aliphatics up to decane and aromatics up to indene.…”

Section: Gc-ms Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow field is virtually one-dimensional allowing for modeling with detailed transport and chemistry at a very modest computational cost, even when a complex mechanism including aromatics is used [29]. In the same venue as previous work in our group [30][31][32], and from others [33][34][35][36][37], we report on the characterization of changes in the structure of counterflow ethylene non-premixed flames, with particular emphasis on the chemical speciation up to two-ring aromatics, as pressure is raised up to 2.5 MPa. No quantitative soot measurements are reported here since the search for an optimal diagnostic technique with adequate spatial resolution is still ongoing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Structure of incipiently sooting ethylene–nitrogen counterflow diffusion flames at high pressures

Figura

Gomez

2014

Combustion and Flame

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Section: Gc-ms Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Structure of incipiently sooting ethylene–nitrogen counterflow diffusion flames at high pressures

Figura

Gomez

2014

Combustion and Flame

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“…Presently, we can broadly classify combustion research into two categories: complex, and inevitably turbulent, fluid mechanics, but simple chemical kinetics (invariably, H 2 or CH 4 oxidation) [4,5,7]; or, the reverse, simple, and inevitably laminar, fluid mechanics, but complex kinetics, including real fuels such as blends of large hydrocarbons and aromatics [40][41][42]. The turbulent counterflow flame has the necessary pre-requisites to bridge the gap between these two ''camps", and is uniquely suited to start facing the greater challenge of complex fluid mechanics and complex chemical kinetics, to become a benchmark for testing and validating computational codes, including DNS, in the not too distant future.…”

Section: Implications For Real Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly turbulent counterflow flames: A laboratory scale benchmark for practical systems

Coppola

Coriton

Gomez

2009

Combustion and Flame

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“…We analyzed five flames at pressures ranging from atmospheric to 1.6MPa, in the high-pressure counterpart of what we have been doing at atmospheric pressure for some time [e.g., [14][15][16]. For space limitations we report selected results only in the 0.1-0.8 MPa range.…”

Section: Gas Sampling and Gc/ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational and Experimental Study of the Structure of Diffusion Flames of Jet Fuel and Its Surrogates at Pressures up to 40 ATM

Smooke¹,

Gomez²

2012

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. (From -To) REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 21-11-2012 REPORT TYPE Final Technical DATES COVERED SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORTSuite 325, Room 3112 NUMBER(S)Arlington VA 22203-1768 DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTDespite considerable progress made in computational fluid mechanics, chemical kinetics and soot processes in recent years, the study of complex fuels in gas turbine engines, including soot processes is still a daunting task and will remain so for the foreseeable future. Traditionally, the combustion community has chosen either to focus on the fluid mechanics of real engines with simplified chemical kinetics or to study simple laminar flames with detailed kinetics and transport. This dichotomy is a necessity as the level of computer power needed to solve the complete engine/chemistry problem will not be available for years to come. The challenge is even greater, to the point of being unrealistic, if complex fuels and soot are to be included. Our research program has the realistic objective of examining the structure of gaseous laminar diffusion flames perturbed by the addition of a few thousand ppm of complex fuels such as: higher alkanes and aromatics, their combination in jet fuel surrogates and, ultimately jet fuel itself. The aim is to study their flame structure and soot behavior in the entire pressure range of relevance to modern gas turbines, that is, 1-40 atm. A counterflow diffusion flame is selected as an optimal environment for the research due to the suppression of buoyancy instabilities that typically plague coflow flames at high pressures, the unparalleled level of control that it provides on the soot formation process, and the opportunity of modeling the system as one-dimensional, which is advantageous for fuels with a very large chemical mechanism, such as JP-8. SUBJECT TERMS Status of Effort/ObjectivesDespite considerable progress made in computational fluid mechanics, chemical kinetics and soot processes in recent years, the study of complex fuels in gas turbine engines, including soot processes is still a dau...

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Experimental study of ethylene counterflow diffusion flames perturbed by trace amounts of jet fuel and jet fuel surrogates under incipiently sooting conditions

Cited by 45 publications

References 36 publications

Structure of incipiently sooting ethylene–nitrogen counterflow diffusion flames at high pressures

Structure of incipiently sooting ethylene–nitrogen counterflow diffusion flames at high pressures

Highly turbulent counterflow flames: A laboratory scale benchmark for practical systems

Computational and Experimental Study of the Structure of Diffusion Flames of Jet Fuel and Its Surrogates at Pressures up to 40 ATM

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