Experimental study of hot deformation behavior in API X65 steel

Rakhshkhorshid, M.; Hashemi, Seyyed Hamid

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2013.02.045

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…shows a microstructure composed of fi ne acicular ferrite (AF) as a result of the non-conventional heat treatment when the sample is cooled rapidly with water. This type of microstructure is preferred to reduce the susceptibility to SSC, as reported by Rakhshkhorshid and Hashemi [ 12 ], Min et al [ 13 ], and Danaf et al [ 14 ]. Figure 8.1c reveals that when the steel is cooled more slowly, the microstructure obtained corresponds to the one for a normalizing heat treatment, that is, polygonal ferrite and perlite areas with larger grain size than the as-received material.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Improvement of Mechanical Properties of API X-65 Steel by Non-conventional Heat Treatment

Murillo

Hernández

Morelos

et al. 2015

Materials Characterization

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A non-conventional heat treatment in API X-65 steel samples was carried out by heating the steel up to 1,050 °C and holding for 30 min at this temperature. Subsequently, the samples were water cooled or air cooled. This heat treatment aims to approach the Nb characteristics to the beginning of the solubility at this temperature, for obtaining partial austenitic grain growth. To assess the effect of the heat treatment, tensile testing and hardness measurements were performed as well as metallography. A signifi cant improvement in tensile strength was obtained for samples water cooled, while microhardness was maintained. This behavior is due to the acicular ferrite microstructure obtained. With this microstructure the steel improved its mechanical strength while maintaining its resistance to the stress sulfi de cracking (SSC) and therefore will enable reduction of the wall thickness of pipelines.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Improvement of Mechanical Properties of API X-65 Steel by Non-conventional Heat Treatment

Murillo

Hernández

Morelos

et al. 2015

Materials Characterization

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“…Although in the joints (2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16) that were welded from top to bottom, although fibrous structures that exhibited ductile behavior from place to place were seen in the images, it was observed that the fractures generally exhibited a brittle behavior and occurred on cleavage planes. Joints from top to bottom are joints that are less of heat input and cooling time due to welding direction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In API 5L standard, the main feature of "X" class materials is that fine-grained ferrite and perlite structures are obtained as a result of thermomechanical processes. These materials, that are frequently used especially in high pressure pipelines, are produced with controlled thermomechanical rolling method, in which fine-grained acicular ferrites are intensely present [5][6][7]. The numbers on the sides of X series steel indicate the pressure corresponding to yield strength of the material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture Surface Investigations of Api Pipes Welded With Parameters Determined By Taguchi Method

Asikuzun¹,

Çetinkaya²,

Boz³

et al. 2018

Sakarya University Journal of Science

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In this study, SEM images of the samples taken from welded nick break tests of API 5L X65 pipe joints, whose welding parameters were determined by Taguchi method, were examined. As a result of the investigations, the elongations and orientations exhibited by the grains showed that ductile and brittle fractures were observed in the welded joints. As it was observed from equiaxed, honeycomb like images that the fractures exhibited a ductile behavior. Brittle fractures that occurred due to cleavage breaks in some regions were detected. An apparent effect of welding direction was observed in fracture behavior. It was detected from the SEM images that a ductile fracture structure had occurred in all joints that were performed from bottom to top, while it was observed in the joints performed from top to bottom that generally cleavage planes had developed along with fibrous structures in places, therefore brittle fractures had occurred.

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“…Günümüzde doğalgaz ve petrol hat borularının imalatında kullanılan çelikler; API (American Petroleum Institue) 5L standardına göre üretilmektedir [17]. API 5L X65 çelikleri, özellikle doğalgaz ve petrol iletim ve dağıtım hatlarında kullanılan yüksek mukavemetli ve düşük alaşımlı çelik serilerinden biridir [18][19][20]. Yüksek mekanik özellikleri, düşük maliyetleri ve kolay elde edilebilmeleri nedeniyle boru hattı taşımacılığında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır [21,22].…”

Section: Gi̇ri̇ş (Introduction)unclassified

“…Yüksek mekanik özellikleri, düşük maliyetleri ve kolay elde edilebilmeleri nedeniyle boru hattı taşımacılığında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır [21,22]. API 5L standardında, "X65" *Sorumlu Yazar (Corresponding Author) e-posta : hakanada@kastamonu.edu.tr kalitesinde değerlendirilen bu malzemeler; ince taneli yapının hâkim olduğu, kontrollü termomekanik haddeleme yöntemi ile üretilen malzemelerdendir [18][19][20]. API çeliklerinde genel olarak ana mikroalaşım elementi, titanyum ve vanadyum ile kombinasyonu olan niyobyumdur (Nb/V, Nb/Ti, Nb/V/Ti).…”

Section: Gi̇ri̇ş (Introduction)unclassified

Taguchi Metoduyla Belirlenen Kaynak Parametrelerinin API 5L X65 Boru Birleştirmelerinde Radyografik ve Makrografik İncelemeleri

Ada¹,

Çetinkaya²,

Durgutlu³

2018

Journal of Polytechnic

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Bu çalışmada Taguchi metoduyla belirlenen parametreler dâhilinde kaynak işlemine tabi tutulan API 5L X65 boru birleştirmelerinin floroskopik incelemelerinden elde edilen radyografi görüntüleri ve optik mikroskop ile görüntülenen birleştirmelerin kaynak bölgesi makroyapıları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen radyografi ve makrografik görüntülerinden yukarıdan aşağı yönde bazik elektrodla düşük amper değerlerinde birleştirilen malzemelerde yetersiz ergime, birleşme noksanlığı gibi hataların oluştuğu görülürken, bu birleştirmeler haricindeki tüm birleştirmelerin genel olarak kusursuz bir şekilde gerçekleştiği, makro düzeyde ve hata boyutunda değerlendirilebilecek süreksizliklere rastlanılmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

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Experimental study of hot deformation behavior in API X65 steel

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Improvement of Mechanical Properties of API X-65 Steel by Non-conventional Heat Treatment

Improvement of Mechanical Properties of API X-65 Steel by Non-conventional Heat Treatment

Fracture Surface Investigations of Api Pipes Welded With Parameters Determined By Taguchi Method

Taguchi Metoduyla Belirlenen Kaynak Parametrelerinin API 5L X65 Boru Birleştirmelerinde Radyografik ve Makrografik İncelemeleri

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