Experimental study of inlet manifold water injection on combustion and emissions of an automotive direct injection Diesel engine

Tauzia, Xavier; Maiboom, Alain; Shah, Samiur Rahman

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2010.05.007

Cited by 188 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In addition, the fossil fuel demand is continuously increasing world over resulting in rapid depletion of fossil fuel deposits [1]. These problems are compelling the world to focus on developing/finding alternative fuels to the existing fossil fuels [2]. The major alternative fuels that are being used for the automotive transport are ethanol, hydrogen and biodiesel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water injection effects on the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine operating with biodiesel

et al. 2012

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Biodiesel is one of the most promising renewable, alternative and environmentally friendly biofuels that can be used in diesel engine without any need for any modification in the engine. However, researchers have reported that the engines running with biodiesel emit NOx in higher concentrations. To address this problem, in the present study an experimental investigation has been carried out on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition (CI) engine running with biodiesel under steady state conditions with a novel NOx reducing mechanism involving a water injections system. The experimental work has been conducted on a four-cylinder, fourstroke, direct injection (DI) as well as turbocharged diesel engine. In this investigation, biodiesel (produced from the rapeseed oil by transesterfication process) has been used.During the experiments the in-cylinder pressure, specific fuel consumption, water injection flow rate, fuel flow rate and exhaust emission (NOx, CO, CO 2 and THC) were measured. The experimental results clearly indicate that water injection at a rate of 3kg/h results in the reduction of NOx emission by about 50% without causing any significant change in the specific fuel consumption. Furthermore, the water injection in the intake manifold has little effect on the in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate of the CI engine under different operating conditions. 2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water injection effects on the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine operating with biodiesel

et al. 2012

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“…This is due to a combination of dilution and thermal effect and the higher heat losses. However, the reduction noted with exhaust manifold water injection is mostly due to the dilution effect of water injection as cited by Tauzia et al (Tauzia et al, 2010). Applying CA50 control leads to increase in NO x emissions for all the tested conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, intake manifold water injection requires approximately twice the liquid volume for the same reduction in NO x compared to direct water injection or water/fuel emulsion (Bedford et al, 2000). Tauzia et al (Tauzia et al, 2010) cited that water to fuel mass fraction of 60-65% is needed to obtain a 50% NO x reduction. They also mentioned that increase in the injected water quantity leads to a decrease in flame temperature and heat release rate together with a drop in the cylinder pressure and burning rate combined with an increase in the combustion duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lower in-cylinder temperature leads to a decrease in the thermal NO x , but a simultaneous increase in CO and HC emissions is reported. Tauzia et al (Tauzia et al, 2010) cited that the cooling effect of water injection is only responsible for around 30% of NO x reduction and the other 70% is attributed to other effects of water injection, such as dilution. The evaporation of the injected water before entering the engine cylinder is a proposed way to reduce the NO x emissions without affecting the combustion temperature and engine efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water is utilized in the diesel engines either through intake manifold injection or direct water injection into the engine cylinder (Miyamoto et al, 1995, Bedford et al, 2000, Udayakumar et al, 2003, Armas et al, 2005, Tauzia et al, 2010, Subramanian, 2011, Tesfa et al, 2012, Kumar et al, 2013, Ithnin et al, 2014, Mingrui et al, 2016. The direct water injection into the engine cylinder includes injection through separate water injection pump and nozzle, injection through the fuel injector, or water and diesel fuel emulsion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of intake and exhaust manifold water injection on combustion and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine

Farag

Kosaka

Bady

et al. 2017

JTST

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Water injection is a technique that has been used for decades to control the combustion and emissions in diesel engines. The effects of water injection at the intake and exhaust manifolds on the combustion and emission characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine are studied in this work. Water injection in the intake manifold increases engine heat losses. Therefore, waste heat in exhaust gases is used to vaporize water before combustion and prevent the water-cooling effect. The injection of 40 mg/cycle of water into the intake and exhaust manifolds were tested with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) ratios of 10% and 25%. The fuel injection timing, quantity, and engine speed were maintained at constant values to keep the cylinder combustion condition constant. The results show that the exhaust manifold water injection improves engine performance and combustion characteristics and reduces emissions compared to intake manifold water injection. The peak improvement is achieved at exhaust manifold water injection at 25% EGR where the reduction in the brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) is about 5%, while the increase in the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and the indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) is by 7% and 3%, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum reduction in soot was obtained with exhaust manifold water injection at 10% EGR ratio with reduction ratios of 55%. The intake manifold water injection gives the lowest NO x emissions with a 88% reduction ratio. The exhaust manifold injection is the recommended technique for water injection to improve engine performance and reduce emissions to avoid the disadvantages of the previously applied techniques.

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Guidelines for Improving Diesel Engine Characteristics

Kegl

Pehan

2013

Lecture Notes in Energy

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Experimental study of inlet manifold water injection on combustion and emissions of an automotive direct injection Diesel engine

Cited by 188 publications

References 48 publications

Water injection effects on the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine operating with biodiesel

Water injection effects on the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine operating with biodiesel

Effects of intake and exhaust manifold water injection on combustion and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine

Guidelines for Improving Diesel Engine Characteristics

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