Experimental Study of Pah in Engine Soot by Isotopic Tracing

Lombaert, Karine; Moyne, Luis Le; Maleissye, J. Tardieu de; Amouroux, J.

doi:10.1080/00102200500248417

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…S1), Phe could be a significant composition in diesel emissions. Because Phe is postulated to be one of the prominent intermediates during growth of PAH and formation of soot (Marinov et al, 1998;Skjøth-Raamussen et al, 2004), which can be occurred through hydrogen abstraction acetylene addition (HACA) (Lombaert et al, 2006), polymerization including dominant condensation could be significant in the formation of DEPs in the accumulation mode.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizations of Size-segregated Ultrafine Particles in Diesel Exhaust

Lim

Jung

2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Size-segregated ultrafine particles (UFPs) in diesel exhaust were investigated to characterize carbonaceous substances, metals, and organic compounds originating from a medium-duty diesel engine dynamometer using the 13 driving mode. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) peaked at 330-550 nm, but the OC/EC ratio showed two peaks in the ultrafine and accumulation modes. The distribution trend of metal elements was opposite to that of the size-segregated OC/EC ratio. The amounts of toxic Pb, As, and Cd were less than 0.03-2.5% in diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), but their cumulative fractions in the ultrafine mode exceeded 50%. Most organic compounds (76.6%) and alkanes (67.0%) were emitted in the accumulation mode (170-1000 nm). More than 70% of the identified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were emitted in the accumulation mode (94-1000 nm), with phenanthrene being the most abundant. Two significant size ranges of toxicity equivalent quantity peaks in the ultrafine (34-66 nm) and accumulation (170-330 nm) modes were observed for the size-segregated DEPs. Contrary to the trends for PAHs and organic compounds, the identifiable nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds were more abundant in the ultrafine mode. Overall toxicity was high as UFPs can be deposited with high efficiency throughout the human respiratory tract.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizations of Size-segregated Ultrafine Particles in Diesel Exhaust

Lim

Jung

2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…A study by Lombaert et al (2006) investigated whether the presence of PAHs in fuel promoted the formation of PAHs that were extractable from diesel engine exhaust PM. Deuterated naphthalene (C 10 D 8 ) was added to the fuel to act as a tracer at a level of 1000 ppm.…”

Section: Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the majority of this article is concerned with the isotopic tracing of carbon. Mayer et al (1980), Hilden and Mayer (1984) Diesel engine 14 C Unspecified PM (bulk) Burley and Rosebrock (1979) Diesel engine 14 C AMS PM (bulk, and non-volatile organic fraction) Buchholz et al (2003), Jones et al (2005) Diesel engine D GC/MS PM (volatile organics/PAH) Buttini and Manni (2001), Lombaert et al (2006), Zielinska et al (2008) Diesel engine Lieb and Roblee Jr. (1970), Homan and Robbins (1986), Sorek et al (1984), Anderson (1985,1986), Schmieder (1985) Premixed flames 13 C Spectroscopic intensity C 2 radical species Ferguson (1955) Combustion bomb 13 C MS Soot, and various gaseous species (CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , etc.) Ferguson (1957), Ferguson and Yokley (1958) Tube reactor and diesel engine Buchholz et al (2004), Eveleigh et al (2016), Buchholz et al (2002) Diesel engine 14 C AMS CO 2 Mack et al (2005aMack et al ( , 2005b Tube reactor Petch et al (1990),…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic Tracers for Combustion Research

Eveleigh

Ladommatos

2016

Combustion Science and Technology

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This review article deals with the use of isotopic tracers in the field of combustion science. A number of researchers have reported the use of isotopic techniques, which have been employed to solve a wide range of combustion problems. Radioactive and stable isotopes have been utilized as tracers, including isotopes of carbon (13 C and 14 C), oxygen (18 O), and deuterium (D). One of the main applications has been to quantitatively determine the propensity of a molecule in a mixture, or specific atom within a molecule, to form pollutant emissions. Tracer studies have also been used for the elucidation of combustion reaction pathways, and kinetic rate constant determination of elementary reactions. A number of analytical techniques have been used for isotope detection; and the merits of some of the different techniques are discussed in the context of combustion research. This article concludes by exploring emerging methods and potential future techniques and applications.

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“…Deuterated compounds are frequently used as internal standards in a variety of assays, particularly in conjunction with gas chromatography−mass spectrometric analyses. – Depending on the amount and nature of the isotopic substitution, current use of high-resolution capillary columns can cause fractionation and, in some cases, separation of the target compound from the isotopically substituted internal standard. This article reports the vapor pressures and vaporization enthalpies of several commercially available perdeuterated hydrocarbons that can be quantitatively separated by gas chromatography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enthalpies of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures of Some Deuterated Hydrocarbons. Liquid−Vapor Pressure Isotope Effects

et al. 2008

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Liquid-vapor pressures as a function of temperature and enthalpies of vaporization of a series of both liquid and solid hydrocarbons and their perdeuterated analogues have been determined by correlation-gas chromatography. The applicability of this technique is first demonstrated by reproducing the vapor pressure isotope effect of cyclohexane-d 12 and benzene-d 6 . Other hydrocarbons studied include the perdeuterated forms of hexane, toluene, heptane, the p-and o-xylenes, naphthalene, biphenyl, acenaphthene, phenanthrene, anthracene, hexamethylbenzene, p-terphenyl, perylene, and chrysene. Vapor pressures and vaporization enthalpies of unlabeled hexamethylbenzene and perylene are also reported. Inverse vapor pressure isotope effects of the liquid phase are observed for all the substances examined. Vaporization enthalpy differences between unlabeled and labeled hydrocarbons are small and generally slightly positive. Vapor pressure-temperature relationships are reported in the form of a third-order polynomial that appears to reproduce experimental liquid-vapor pressures from T ) 298.15 K to the boiling temperature.

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Experimental Study of Pah in Engine Soot by Isotopic Tracing

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Characterizations of Size-segregated Ultrafine Particles in Diesel Exhaust

Characterizations of Size-segregated Ultrafine Particles in Diesel Exhaust

Isotopic Tracers for Combustion Research

Enthalpies of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures of Some Deuterated Hydrocarbons. Liquid−Vapor Pressure Isotope Effects

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