Experimental Study of Plain Concrete under Triaxial Stress

Imran, Iswandi; Pantazopoulou, Stavroula J.

doi:10.14359/9865

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The applied hydrostatic loading used in our test was different from the uniaxial compressive loading used in most creep tests. The higher strength in triaxial compression , (here hydrostatic) allowed us to use pressures of up to 150 MPa without failure of the samples (note that at a pressure of about 100 MPa, no effect of redistribution could be observed; hence, such high pressure was necessary). A question is how the hydrostatic load corresponds to the uniaxial load in terms of the deformations (and water redistribution) at the microstructural level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum pressure applied was 150 MPa. Considering that the hydrostatic pressure was applied, this stress level cannot induce failure of the cement paste. , After applying the pressure, the NMR coil was again tuned (it was found that pressurizing the oil led to a small increase of the NMR coil frequency). Next, the measurements on loaded samples were carried out.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Redistribution–Microdiffusion in Cement Paste under Mechanical Loading Evidenced by ¹H NMR

et al. 2019

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The mobility of water within the microstructure of hardened cement paste has been at the center of a long-lasting debate, motivated by the need to understand the fundamental mechanisms that play a role in drying, shrinkage, creep, and thermal expansion. Our 1H NMR results show for the first time that externally applied pressure can lead to migration of water within the microstructure (microdiffusion). Upon compression, the gel water signal decreases. For the most part, this is accommodated by a corresponding increase in the signal of water in larger, interhydrate, and capillary spaces. However, there is also an increase in the signal corresponding to the water in most confined spaces. Normally, such tiny spaces are classified as hydrate interlayers. However, we do not conclude that there is a significant increase in interlayer water. Rather, we attribute this part of the increase to a rearrangement of the microstructure upon compression with some water confined in increasingly small gel pore spaces. These findings show that the deformability of the microstructure (C–S–H gel) at the expense of gel porosity may explain part of the macroscopic deformations due to short-term creep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Redistribution–Microdiffusion in Cement Paste under Mechanical Loading Evidenced by ¹H NMR

et al. 2019

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“…These phenomena are necessary to be part of the constitutive model to accurately predict the response. To explain these phenomena Imran and Pantazopoulou (1996) performed a study on 130 triaxial tests to quantify the parameters that affect the behavior of concrete and to improve the material modeling. The tests were performed on the cylindrical samples using triaxial test apparatus designed for the rock.…”

Section: Triaxial Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive experimental review of strain rate, size effect, creep and confinement in concrete: Part III

Ahmed

Park

Voyiadjis

2023

International Journal of Damage Mechanics

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A comprehensive review of destructive testing techniques to understand concrete behavior is presented in this work. The main objective of this article is to summarize the literature from the last three decades related to the following topics: 1) the size effect in plain and reinforced concrete, 2) the crack estimation and propagation in concrete under various loading conditions, 3) the determination of material properties of concrete using triaxial testing techniques, 4) the behavior of concrete under creep and early age shrinkage which eventually affect the properties of concrete and lastly 5) the strain rate effect in concrete using various experimental techniques such as Split Hopkinson pressure bar, impact loading, drop hammer and the literature related to cyclic loading on concrete. The scope of the presented work is limited to destructive testing related to the topics defined above. To completely understand the behavior of material, at least three aspects must be required: the material’s theoretical basics, experimental validation, and numerical implementation. The authors presented the review articles related to theoretical basics and numerical implementation in parts I and II of this article. The presented work is part III, which is related to experimental work. In the upcoming section, the research related to specific topics is presented, and a summary is provided at the end of each section. Finally, the future works and the research directions are shown in the conclusion section.

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“…The increasing confining pressure leads to a change in the principal failure mechanism and substantial flaws or microcracks are inevitably generated inside the initial concretes [47]. The collapse of pores and closure of microcracks during the compacting process result in significantly large strains, up to 3% [5]. In triaxial compressive tests, the mechanical response of concretes presented a clear peak, followed by a relatively smooth decline curve under low confining pressures.…”

Section: Model Validation Under Triaxial Confining Pressuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to accurately analyse and design these structures, it is necessary to study the mechanical responses and damage evolution characteristics of concretes under multiaxial compressive and tensile stress conditions [2]. Many experimental studies of the mechanical behaviour of concretes under multiaxial triaxial loadings have been carried out by researchers [3][4][5][6]. Su et al studied the multiaxial mechanical behaviour of foamed concrete under triaxial confining pressures [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoscale Modelling of Concretes Subjected to Triaxial Loadings: Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behaviour

et al. 2021

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The mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of concretes under different triaxial stress states were investigated based on a 3D mesoscale model. The quasistatic triaxial loadings, namely, compression–compression–compression (C–C–C), compression–tension–tension (C–T–T) and compression–compression–tension (C–C–T), were simulated using an implicit solver. The mesoscopic modelling with good robustness gave reliable and detailed damage evolution processes under different triaxial stress states. The lateral tensile stress significantly influenced the multiaxial mechanical behaviour of the concretes, accelerating the concrete failure. With low lateral pressures or tensile stress, axial cleavage was the main failure mode of the specimens. Furthermore, the concretes presented shear failures under medium lateral pressures. The concretes experienced a transition from brittle fracture to plastic failure under high lateral pressures. The Ottosen parameters were modified by the gradient descent method and then the failure criterion of the concretes in the principal stress space was given. The failure criterion could describe the strength characteristics of concrete materials well by being fitted with experimental data under different triaxial stress states.

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Experimental Study of Plain Concrete under Triaxial Stress

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

Water Redistribution–Microdiffusion in Cement Paste under Mechanical Loading Evidenced by ¹H NMR

Water Redistribution–Microdiffusion in Cement Paste under Mechanical Loading Evidenced by ¹H NMR

A comprehensive experimental review of strain rate, size effect, creep and confinement in concrete: Part III

Mesoscale Modelling of Concretes Subjected to Triaxial Loadings: Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behaviour

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Experimental Study of Plain Concrete under Triaxial Stress

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

Water Redistribution–Microdiffusion in Cement Paste under Mechanical Loading Evidenced by 1H NMR

Water Redistribution–Microdiffusion in Cement Paste under Mechanical Loading Evidenced by 1H NMR

A comprehensive experimental review of strain rate, size effect, creep and confinement in concrete: Part III

Mesoscale Modelling of Concretes Subjected to Triaxial Loadings: Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behaviour

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Product

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Water Redistribution–Microdiffusion in Cement Paste under Mechanical Loading Evidenced by ¹H NMR

Water Redistribution–Microdiffusion in Cement Paste under Mechanical Loading Evidenced by ¹H NMR