Experimental study of the Effect of Fuel Injector nozzle holes on Direct Injection Diesel Engine

Abstract

Fuel injection parameters play an important role in diesel engine performance for obtaining proper combustion. The performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine depend on many parameters. The important parameters which influence the performance and emission of diesel engine are fuel injection pressure, fuel nozzle holes and its size. An experimental study was performed on a light duty direct injection diesel engine at 200 bar, 220 bar and 240 bar injection pressure to study its effect on performance and emission. The injection pressure was changed by adjusting the fuel injector spring tension. Future emission legislation will require substantial reductions of NO x and Smoke emissions from diesel engines. The combustion and formation in a diesel engine is governed mainly by spray formation and mixing. Important parameters governing these are droplet size, distribution concentration and injection velocity. Smaller orifices are believed to give smaller droplet size, even with reduce injection pressure, which leads to better fuel atomization, faster evaporation and better mixing. The performance and emission characteristics were presented graphically to conclude that they were found better with 5 hole nozzle of Ø = 0.2 mm at the fuel injection pressure 220 bar for the light duty engine.

DI diesel engine operated with carbon-black-water-diesel slurry at different injection timing and nozzle opening pressure

“…The combustion duration is lower at due to the small fuel spray droplets and complete combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber. Too high injection pressure may be responsible to higher velocity of droplet which will leave away without mixing air properly with fuel[21].It can be observed that the values of CBWD10 at 200, 210 220, 230 and 240 bar are found to be about 37.4, 36.9, 35.1, 34.8 and 34.4 °CA respectively, at the maximum brake power.…”

Effects of Nozzle Diameter and Holes Number on the Performance and Emissions of a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

“…The impact of engine settings on a DI engine's performance and emission characteristics has been examined in several studies related to diesel and gasoline. Kumbhar et al [4] used computation fluid dynamics CFD codes with a combustion model to test four different nozzle throat diameters and their influence upon the engine performance, emissions, as well as spraying features. They discovered that improvements in spray cone angle, fuel atomization, and effective air-fuel mixture resulted to a 0.230 mm nozzle throat diameter, which led to the highest in-cylinder temperatures and pressures.…”

“…The first law of thermodynamics, equation of energy, mass conserving, equation of state, and mass fraction burned were all used in the creation of the software program. The study was carried out at five different nozzle diameters (0.250, 0.350, 0.450, 0.550, and 0.650 mm) and nozzle hole numbers (4,6,8,10,12). The results show that the GDI engine's performance and emissions are significantly influenced by variations in nozzle hole diameter and number.…”

Testing high-pressure pumps on the BOSCH test bench

“…It has been used for further research and scientific papers in the field of diesel engine processes [7]. Similar procedures of experimental determination of injection parameters, due to their crucial influence on working processes in engine cylinders, were also applied by other researchers [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Comparative experimental results of in-cylinder pressure flow and injection parameters in direct injection diesel engines are shown in [8], where standard diesel fuel and emulsion of water and diesel fuel are used.…”