Experimental study on high temperature catalytic conversion of tars and organic sulfur compounds

Rhyner, Urs; Edinger, Philip; Schildhauer, Tilman J.; Biollaz, Serge M.A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.01.082

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The resulting two-phase flow is compressed (N86KN, KNF) to 1 barg, cooled down to approximately -10°C and fed to a separator where gas and liquid phases are separated. Previous experiments have shown that compression and solvation of specific tar compounds of classes 3-5 have negligible effect on the tar composition [37,38]. It cannot be excluded, however.…”

Section: Sampling Systemmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Experiments in the model gas study were performed in collaboration with KIT (Karlsruhe, Germany) which extended tar reforming experiments previously conducted at PSI [38,41]. The set-up comprised a gas mixing section where a set of mass flow controllers (MFC) was used to create a model gas containing H 2 , CH 4 and N 2 .…”

Section: Model Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixture consisted of naphthalene dissolved in toluene. Naphthalene is typically present at high concentrations (60-1200 ppmv) in producer gas [38]. It was chosen as a representative for class 4 tar compounds.…”

Section: Model Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high degree of collinearity will result in an unstable system of equations, causing large variations in the solution for only small changes in the measured spectrum [45]. In case of the model gas case study, previous experiments [38] have shown that the qualitative composition of tar compounds, represented by benzene, toluene and naphthalene, is not subject to change (i.e. possible reaction products such as xylene and styrene can be neglected).…”

Section: Analysis Of Uv-vis Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

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On-line liquid quench sampling and UV–Vis spectroscopy for tar measurements in wood gasification process gases

Edinger

Schneebeli

Struis

et al. 2016

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In biomass gasification processes, the formation and handling of tars are of major concern. Robust and versatile analytical tools are needed to on-line monitor tar compound concentrations in process gases from lab-to industrial scale. This study addresses the development and application of an on-line UV-Vis method, based on a liquid quench sampling system. The high sensitivity of this method allows to detect UV-Vis active tar compounds in the low ppmv region. Recorded spectra from the liquid phase were analyzed for their tar composition by means of a classical least squares (CLS) and partial least squares (PLS) approach. The developed method was applied to two case studies, involving a lab-scale tar reformer and a pilot-scale gas scrubber. Quantification results in gases with limited complexity in tar composition showed good agreement with off-line reference methods (GC-FID). The case studies show that the developed method is a rapid, sensitive tool that can be applied for qualitative process monitoring with the added benefit of quantification in gases with a limited number of tar compounds.

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Section: Sampling Systemmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Model Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Uv-vis Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

On-line liquid quench sampling and UV–Vis spectroscopy for tar measurements in wood gasification process gases

Edinger

Schneebeli

Struis

et al. 2016

Fuel

Self Cite

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“…Several methods are well known, such as physical treatment, thermal cracking, plasma cracking, and catalytic reforming [8,9]. These include modification of operating conditions such as temperature [10À11], pressure [12], gasification agents [13], residence time [14], design of the gasifier [15], secondary oxidization [16] and addition of catalysts [11,17]. Postgasification tar reduction usually employs washing, but this process contaminates water heavily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of rice husk tar pyrolysis by external flue gas

Zhai

Wang

et al. 2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Effect of internal hydrocarbon reforming during coupled operation of a biomass gasifier with hot gas cleaning and SOFC stacks

Fischer

Hauser

Hauck

et al. 2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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In the context of energy transition and climate change, a combination of highly efficient modern solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and thermo‐chemical conversion of biogenic residues could complement other intermittent renewable sources such as wind and solar. In order to reduce required gas cleaning efforts and to increase the process efficiency, the influence of hydrocarbons on SOFC performance is experimentally investigated in this study. For the first time, the operation of Ni/YSZ anode‐supported cells in Jülich F10 stacks is performed with pre‐reformed and with bio‐syngas containing full hydrocarbon content at realistic current densities. Sulfur and other impurities were removed in both cases. No degradation could be observed within normal operation on clean gas. With the tar reformer bypassed, the pressure drop over the stack increased due to severe carbon deposition on the anode substrate and the nickel current collector mesh inside the SOFC stack, so that operation had to be terminated after five hours. This behavior is different from single‐cell tests, where electrochemical degradation is the limiting factor. The results show that improvements are not only necessary for cell materials and that future research must also consider other stack components.

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Experimental study on high temperature catalytic conversion of tars and organic sulfur compounds

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

On-line liquid quench sampling and UV–Vis spectroscopy for tar measurements in wood gasification process gases

On-line liquid quench sampling and UV–Vis spectroscopy for tar measurements in wood gasification process gases

Characteristics of rice husk tar pyrolysis by external flue gas

Effect of internal hydrocarbon reforming during coupled operation of a biomass gasifier with hot gas cleaning and SOFC stacks

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