Experimental Study on Static Mechanical Properties and Moisture Contents of Concrete Under Water Environment

Zhang, Guohui; Li, Xiaohang; Li, Zongli

doi:10.3390/su11102962

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…From the results of this study, it can be inferred that concretes with a lower water-to-binder ratio (MIX 2 and MIX 3) is more sensitive to the effects of water saturation as they registered higher reduction magnitude than that of concrete with higher water-to-binder ratio (MIX 1). This observation is in contrast to the study conducted by Zhang et al [ 19 ], which suggested that concrete mixes with a high water-to-cement ratio might have higher sensitivity to water saturation than those of concrete with a lower water-to-cement ratio. However, in the case of this study, MIX 3 has the lowest water-to-cement ratio among the three concrete mix proportions but it recorded the highest reduction in strength.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…This observation might suggest that the water-to-cement ratio is insufficient to completely understand the effect of water saturation on the properties of concrete. The decrease in strength can be explained by several factors as explained by previous studies [ 2 , 19 , 21 , 26 , 43 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. One interpretation is from the standpoint of energy [ 19 , 21 , 23 , 51 , 53 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…

where

is the water saturation of concrete;

is the mass of concrete in the OD condition;

is the mass of concrete in the SSD; and

is the mass of concrete at the time of measurement for different saturation conditions. When the rate of mass change became smaller than 1 g/h, the concretes were already considered to be in a saturated state [ 19 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it has been demonstrated by previous researchers that the increasing moisture content (or water saturation level) affects the static properties of concrete and P-wave velocity of concrete in different ways. Some researchers corroborated that the compressive strength decreases as the saturation level increases [ 1 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Some researchers [ 1 , 20 , 23 , 24 ] observed that the modulus of elasticity increased when the saturation increases while others [ 25 , 26 ] have observed that elastic modulus decreased as the saturation increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of Saturation Levels on the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocities and Mechanical Properties of Concrete

et al. 2020

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The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of water content in concrete on the velocities of ultrasonic waves (P- and S-waves) and mechanical properties (elastic modulus and compressive strength) of concrete. For this study, concrete specimens (100 mm × 200 mm cylinders) were fabricated with three different water-to-binder ratios (0.52, 0.35, and 0.26). These cylinders were then submerged in water to be saturated in different degrees from 25% to 100% with an interval of 25% saturation. Another set of cylinders was also oven-dried to represent the dry condition. The dynamic properties of concrete were then assessed using a measurement of elastic wave accordance with ASTM C597-16 and using resonance tests following ASTM C215-19, before and after immersion in water. The static properties of saturated concrete were also assessed by the uniaxial compressive testing according to ASTM C39/C39M-20 and ASTM C469/C469M-14. It was observed that the saturation level of concrete affected the two ultrasonic wave velocities and the two static mechanical properties of concrete in various ways. The relationship between P-wave velocity and compressive strength of concrete was highly sensitive to saturation condition of concrete. In contrast, S-wave velocity of concrete was closely correlated with compressive strength of concrete, which was much less sensitive to water saturation level compared to P-wave velocity of concrete. Finally, it was noticed that water saturation condition only little affects the relationship between the dynamic and elastic moduli of elasticity of concrete studies in this study.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…

where

is the water saturation of concrete;

is the mass of concrete in the OD condition;

is the mass of concrete in the SSD; and

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Effects of Saturation Levels on the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocities and Mechanical Properties of Concrete

et al. 2020

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“…Zhang et al [10] studied the static mechanical properties for dry and saturated concrete samples and observed that tensile strength, compressive strength, and fracture toughness were reduced by 45.39%, 40.08%, 57.08%, respectively as a result of water saturation [10]. The water saturation effect on strength characteristics of concrete was examined experimentally, and reduction in tensile strength by 25% was observed as compared to dry concrete [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Static and Dynamic Mechanical Behavior for Dry and Saturated Cement Mortar

et al. 2019

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Deformational and breakage behaviors of concrete and cement mortar greatly influence various engineering structures, such as dams, river bridges, ports, tunnels, and offshore rig platforms. The mechanical and petrophysical properties are very sensitive to water content and are controlled by the liquid part in pore spaces to a large extent. The objective of this paper is to investigate the water saturation effect on the strength characteristics and deformability of cement mortar under two loading conditions, static and dynamic compression. A set of cement mortar samples was prepared and tested to study the mechanical behavior in dry and saturated states. The first part of the research incorporates the study of static mechanical properties for dry and brine-saturated cement mortar through uniaxial compressive strength tests (UCS). Second, drop-weight impact experiments were carried out to study the dynamic mechanical properties (impact resistance, deformation pattern, and fracture geometry) for dry and saturated cases. The comparative analysis revealed that water saturation caused substantial changes in compressive strength and other mechanical characteristics. Under static loading, water saturation caused a reduction in strength of 36%, and cement mortar tended to behave in a more ductile manner as compared to dry samples. On the contrary, under dynamic loading conditions, water saturation resulted in higher impact resistance and fracture toughness as compared to dry conditions. In addition, fractures could propagate to smaller depths as compared to dry case. The study will help resolve many civil, mining, and petroleum engineering problems where cement structures undergo static as well as dynamic compression, especially in a hydraulic environment where these structures interact with the water frequently. To the best of our knowledge, the effect of water saturation on the dynamic mechanical properties of cement mortar has not been well understood and reported in the literature.

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Evolution characteristics and mechanism of concrete performance under water pressure environment: A comprehensive review

Xue

Tong

Alam

et al. 2023

Structural Concrete

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Compared with the ground service environment, the evolution of concrete performance under a water pressure service environment is quite complex with variable conditions. Because of the coupling effect of load and pressure, water has a special impact on the strength and deformation of concrete. Meanwhile, harmful ions usually react with the cement matrix as pressure water seepages into concrete, resulting in the reduction of concrete durability. Based on this, this study provides a comprehensive review of the strength, deformation, and durability of concrete under water pressure environment. It is found that microcracks in concrete tend to propagate and connect after exposure to water pressure, leading to a decrease in strength and deformation performance. The average loss rate of strength and elastic modulus increased by 12.15% and 10.97%, respectively, when water pressure increased by 1 MPa. However, the loading process of water‐confining pressure makes concrete more compact, where the static and dynamic mechanical performance can be improved. Besides, due to the enhancement of excess pore water pressure, concrete strength under a high strain rate increases by 61.79% compared to static load. The effect of water pressure increases the ability of the liquid to penetrate concrete, and corrosive ions trapped within the liquid and freeze–thaw caused by external temperature changes would further reduce the concrete durability. This study points out that static and dynamic loading characteristics and durability of concrete under multi‐factor coupling in a water pressure environment will be the future research direction. The summarized contents can provide guidance for construction and research of concrete engineering under a water pressure environment.

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Experimental Study on Static Mechanical Properties and Moisture Contents of Concrete Under Water Environment

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of Saturation Levels on the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocities and Mechanical Properties of Concrete

Effects of Saturation Levels on the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocities and Mechanical Properties of Concrete

Comparative Analysis of Static and Dynamic Mechanical Behavior for Dry and Saturated Cement Mortar

Evolution characteristics and mechanism of concrete performance under water pressure environment: A comprehensive review

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