To improve the reliability and safety of the mistuned blisk (integrally bladed disk), a novel strategy for passive vibration reduction by the hard coating was developed, and the vibration and damping characteristics of the HCM (hard-coating mistuned) blisk were investigated in this work. Firstly, by the proposed criterion called FDSD (frequency difference and its standard deviation), a classical reduced-order model established by the component mode synthesis method was modified to carry out modal analysis for high computational efficiency. Then, forced vibration responses of the HCM blisk were achieved by the Rayleigh damping model. Next, a specific benchmark of a mistuned blisk deposited NiCoCrAlY + YSZ hard coating was chosen to conduct numerical calculations, and the results were compared with those obtained from the FOM (full-order model) and experimental test, respectively. Finally, the influence of the hard coating and coating thickness on the mistuned blisk were investigated, in particular.