Experimental transmission of Toxocara canis from Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana cockroaches to a paratenic host

González‐García, Tania; Muñoz-Guzmán, M.A.; Sánchez‐Arroyo, Hussein; Cuéllar-Ordaz, Jorge Alfredo; Arenzana-Seisdedos, Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.08.025

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, it has high prevalence rates in moderate countries (93%), La Reunion (86.8%), Marshall Island, (81%), Nepal (53.2%), and Malaysia [10,26]. The current results are not in line with it, perhaps due to the environmental conditions with a hot and dry climate that does not allow the growth of eggs of T. canis into the infectious phase [27]. Interpretation of serological proliferation information is still difficult because of the use of various cut-off titers by researchers, and the difficulty in assessing the relationship between the titer level, infection and clinical signs of the disease [6,28].…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 68%

Detection of Toxocara canis infection by ELIZA, with follow-up some Biochemical and histological changes

Al-Ammash¹,

Lazar²,

Obayes³

et al. 2021

J Adv Pharm Educ Res

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 68%

Detection of Toxocara canis infection by ELIZA, with follow-up some Biochemical and histological changes

Al-Ammash¹,

Lazar²,

Obayes³

et al. 2021

J Adv Pharm Educ Res

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“…Canids, including domestic dogs, are the definitive hosts. Meanwhile, paratenic hosts include humans, mice, rats, lambs, poultry, pigs, flies and cockroaches . In these paratenic hosts, T canis larval migrate through different organs and tissues including liver, lungs, kidney, eye, heart, skeletal muscle and brain and do not develop into the adult form .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response to chronic Toxocara canis infection in a mice model

Ruiz-Manzano

Hernández-Cervantes

Río-Araiza

et al. 2019

Parasite Immunology

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Aims The zoonotic nematode Toxocara canis causes larva migrans syndrome that induces an immune response characterized by the production of antibodies and eosinophilia. A Th2 polarization has been associated with the infection, but there are still details of the cellular and humoral immune response that need to be described. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the systemic host immune response to T canis chronic infection in a mouse model. Methods and Results BALB/c mice were inoculated once with 500 T canis embryonated eggs, per os. After 49 days, the amounts of larval found in brain and muscle tissues were statistically two and four times higher, respectively, than the amounts found in lung, liver, kidney or heart tissues. Splenic proportions of F4/80+ cells, as well as B, cytotoxic T and CD4+Foxp3+ lymphocytes, were statistically higher (P ≤ .05, P ≤ .01, P ≤ .001 and P ≤ .001, respectively) as compared with control mice. In lymph nodes, some of these proportions changed, with the exception of F4/80+ cells. IgG1 levels in infected mice sera were increased. IL‐4, IL‐10 and VEGF levels were statistically higher in spleen (P ≤ .05, all) and sera (P ≤ .01, P ≤ .05 and P ≤ .05, respectively) in the infected mice. Also, in infected animals, IL‐5 serum levels were increased (P ≤ .01). Conclusion These results suggest that T canis chronic infection in BALB/c mice results in a type 2 response with an incipient regulatory response.

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“…Protozoal cysts, such as those of E. histolytica, were identified on the body surface of 17% of 430 American cockroaches [ 34 ], and inhalation of dust containing cysts of E. histolytica has been proposed as a possible route of primary pulmonary amebiasis [ 35 , 36 ], as well as for L. blattarum [ 16 ]. Experimental mechanical transmission of T. gondii oocysts, S. muris sporocysts, and T. canis eggs from faecal pellets of cockroaches ( B. germanica and P. americana ) to mice and rats (as paratenic hosts) has been demonstrated in the laboratory [ 37 – 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protozoan Cysts in Faecal Pellets of German Cockroaches (Blattella germanica), with Particular Emphasis on Lophomonas blattarum

2020

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Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate protozoan cysts and oocyts in the faecal pellets of the German cockroach ( Blattella germanica ), with emphasis on the prevalence of Lophomonas blattarum . Methods Thirty adult Blattella germanica (12 males; 18 females) were trapped near Madrid, Spain. Expelled faecal pellets were collected in the laboratory over 5 days in two plastic containers. Protozoan cysts from one container were weighted and those in the other used for morphologically identification. Results Protozoan cysts/oocysts per gram of faecal pellet were: Nyctotherus sp. (0.0019/g), Entamoeba (0.0007/g), Balantidium coli (0.0001/g), Lophomonas blattarum (0.00038/g). Observation of 189 protozoan cysts/oocysts indicated the following prevalence: Nyctotherus sp. 65 (34.4%); Gregarina spp. 34 (18%); Entamoeba sp. 24 (12.7%); Cryptosporidium sp. 17 (9%); Coccidia 16 (8.4%); Lophomonas blattarum 13 (6.8%); Balantidium coli 4 (2.1%); and unclassified 16 (8.4%). Conclusion Lophomonas blattarum has previously been demonstrated in the gut of cockroaches, but this is the first assessment of the prevalence in Blattella germanica in faecal pellets. The presence of protozoa in faecal pellets provides some evidence for one step in a hypothesised route of respiratory infection whereby protozoa from household insects enter the respiratory tract.

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Experimental transmission of Toxocara canis from Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana cockroaches to a paratenic host

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Detection of Toxocara canis infection by ELIZA, with follow-up some Biochemical and histological changes

Detection of Toxocara canis infection by ELIZA, with follow-up some Biochemical and histological changes

Immune response to chronic Toxocara canis infection in a mice model

Protozoan Cysts in Faecal Pellets of German Cockroaches (Blattella germanica), with Particular Emphasis on Lophomonas blattarum

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