Experimental Validation of the Invariance of Electrowetting Contact Angle Saturation

Chevalliot, Stéphanie; Dhindsa, Manjeet; Kuiper, S.; Heikenfeld, Jason

doi:10.1163/156856111x599580

Cited by 87 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Quinn et al [18] also reported asymmetric electrowetting curves in positive DC and implied this deviation was observed only in positive DC due to adsorbed negative ions. Moreover, S. Chevalliot et al [19] compared the electrowetting curves of DC and AC in oil ambient showing they deviate at high voltage and reach different contact-angle saturation. In addition, the performance degradation with 1 kHz AC actuation was in between those of positive and negative DC cases in early cycles.…”

Section: Voltage Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of repeated electrowetting on three different fluoropolymer top coatings

Koo¹,

Kim²

2013

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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Degradation of the electrowetting effect by a repeated actuation is evaluated over an extended period (200 min) on electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) samples for three popular fluoropolymer top coatings: Teflon, FluoroPel and Cytop. A conductive liquid droplet is tested in an air environment at Electrowetting number Ew ≅ 0.34. A pulse train (6 sec period and 50% duty cycle) of three different voltage types is used for the actuation: positive DC, negative DC and 1 kHz AC. For the DC actuations, electrowetting degrades gradually on Cytop but significantly faster on Teflon and FluoroPel under the tested conditions. For the AC actuation, electrowetting degrades gradually on all three materials in a similar fashion.

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Section: Voltage Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of repeated electrowetting on three different fluoropolymer top coatings

Koo¹,

Kim²

2013

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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“…It is interesting to note that the value of θ max (65.89°) is between 60 and 70°of the saturated contact angle for electrowetting of conducting droplets. 18 The saturation of contact angle likely is related to the condition determining the field-induced stability of the contact line.…”

Section: F/drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Electrowetting of a Conducting Droplet on a Dielectric Layer

Yang

Zhao

2014

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Electrowetting has been used to actuate and control the motion of droplets on solid surfaces. An analysis based on the theories of thermodynamics and thermal activation processes is presented for the electrowetting of a conducting droplet on a dielectric layer. The concept of release rate of electric energy is proposed. The release rate of electric energy is proportional to the square of the applied electric voltage and the derivative of electric capacitance with respect to the surface area of the corresponding electric system. The velocity of a contact line under the action of an electric voltage is a hyperbolic sine function of the release rate of electric energy. Using the release rate of electric energy and introducing line tension in the analysis, the contact angle of a droplet at a stationary state under the action of a constant electric voltage is found to be a linear function of the release rate of electric energy and the line tension. The line tension introduces the droplet-size effect on the contact angle. A critical contact angle as a function of the applied electric voltage, the thickness of the dielectric layer, and the radius of the contact area is obtained. There exist stable and unstable zones, depending on the relative value of the contact angle and the critical contact angle. There exists an upper bound of electric voltage with the corresponding contact angle of 65.89°between 60 and 70°of the saturated contact angle reported for electrowetting of conducting droplets. This result suggests that the saturation of contact angle likely is related to the condition determining the field-induced stability of the contact line.

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“…The Lippmann-Young equation 1.4 predicts that perfect wetting (i.e., zero contact angle) will be achieved at a finite voltage, however in practice this is unfortunately not true. The contact angle will cease to decrease [38,[40][41][42][43]. Several of the proposed CAS mechanisms may be responsible for anomalous electrowetting behavior at voltages above the contact angle.…”

Section: Electrowettingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Force Actuation for Achieving Large Deflections of an Elastomeric Membrane at Low Voltage

Barth

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Elastomeric materials offer many benefits to MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems).These benefits include smaller device footprints, greater range of motion, and lower required actuation forces. However, a complementary actuation technology is needed, to implement the capabilities of elastomeric components. Capillary forces are a novel and promising mechanism to produce motion in the flexible components of micro devices -such as elastomeric

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Experimental Validation of the Invariance of Electrowetting Contact Angle Saturation

Cited by 87 publications

References 38 publications

Evaluation of repeated electrowetting on three different fluoropolymer top coatings

Evaluation of repeated electrowetting on three different fluoropolymer top coatings

Analysis of Electrowetting of a Conducting Droplet on a Dielectric Layer

Capillary Force Actuation for Achieving Large Deflections of an Elastomeric Membrane at Low Voltage

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