Explaining the determinants of hookah consumption among women in southern Iran: a qualitative study

Dadipoor, Sakineh; Kok, Gerjo; Aghamolaei, Teamur; Ghaffari, Mohtasham; Heyrani, Ali; Ghanbarnezhad, Amin

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7917-4

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In 2006-7, these rates were respectively 75% and 8%.This nding can be explained as those who have lost a parent for some reason have been deprived of father's or mother's expression of emotions. Thus, they tend to nd a way to compensate for that, for instance through smoking hookahs, Also, this nding is consistent with another study [48].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Predictors of hookah smoking frequency among women in the South of Iran: A cross-sectional study

Dadipoor

Mirzaei

Aghamolaei

et al. 2020

Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse

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Background: The prevalence of hookah smoking (HS) has grown over the past decades in Iran especially in the south of the country. This study aimed to determine the behavioral and socio-demographic predictors of the HS frequency among women in southern Iran. Method: This research was conducted on 400 female hookah smokers selected through multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected from October 2018 to September 2019 using a questionnaire guided by literature. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was run to determine the in uential behavioral and socio-demographic predictors involved in the frequency of HS. Variables with a P-value of less than 0.05 in the nal tting model were regarded to be associated with the outcome variable (frequency of HS per day). Results: Women' age ranged between 15 and 85 years (mean=35±13 years). We found that the lowest age of beginning to smoke hookahs (SHs) (p<.001) of less than 15 years, 15-30 years (p=.003), longer duration of HS (p<.001), family usage of HS (p<.001), beginning to SHs with peers (p<.001), absence of either parent in family (single-parent families) (p<.001) and a lack of prior intention to cease smoking (p=. p<.001) predicted the frequency of HS. Also 35-50 age group (p=.01) and those above 50 years (p=.02), ever-married group (p=.002) and low socioeconomic status (SES) (p<.001) predicted the frequency of HS. Conclusion: To prevent the behavior and make effective interventions to reduce HS, policy-makers should

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In our qualitative research, previously published, all the above-mentioned factors were mentioned as effective determiners of HS (48). In another review study we conducted, majority of the above-mentioned factors showed to have been correlated with HS (10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Predictors of hookah smoking frequency among women in the South of Iran: A cross-sectional study

Dadipoor

Mirzaei

Aghamolaei

et al. 2020

Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse

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“…Thus, they tend to find a way to compensate for that, for instance through smoking hookahs [53]. Also This finding has been consistent with another study [54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Predictors of hookah smoking among women in the south of Iran: a cross-sectional study

Dadipoor

Heyrani

Aghamolaei

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The prevalence of hookah smoking has grown over the past decades in Iran especially in the south of the country more than other geographical areas. The present research aims to determine the socio-demographic predictors of hookah smoking among women in the south of Iran. Method This research was conducted on 400 female hookah smokers selected through the multi-stratified sampling method. Data were collected from October 2018 to September 2019 using a researcher-made questionnaire. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was run to determine the influential behavioral and socio-demographic factors involved in hookah smoking. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 in the final fitting model were declared to be associated with the outcome variable. Results Participants’ age ranged between 15 and 85 years (mean=34.91±13.3 years). As for demographic factors, women in the 35-50 age group (p=.01) and those above 50 years (p=.02) showed more tendency to smoke hookahs than those below 20 years of age. The ‘ever-married’ group tended to smoke hookahs three times as much as the ‘never married’ (p=.002). Those of a low socio-economic status (SES) showed a stronger tendency to smoke hookahs than those of a high SES (6.5 times as strong) (p=.000). The statistical analysis of behavioral factors showed that the following were associated with a higher frequency of hookah smoking among women: lower age of beginning to smoke hookahs (p<.001) <15 years, 15-30 years (p=.003), longer duration of hookah smoking (p=.000), hookah smoking among family members (p=.000), absence of either parent in family (single-parent families) (p=.000), beginning to smoke hookahs with peers (p=.000) and a lack of prior intention to cease smoking (p=.000). Conclusion As the present results showed, hookah smoking was ordinary and popular among women in the present research. Increasing the social unacceptance of hookahs, focus on those surrounding women smokers, quitting the habit of hookah smoking and effective interventions to decrease one’s intention to smoke hookahs can help to reduce such unhealthy behaviors.

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“…Even though some countries have clear laws on HTS, a significant proportion of students lack awareness on legislations against shisha use (Zavery et al, 2017). Overall there exists a gap between availability of strict inhibitive laws against hookah consumption and their execution (Dadipoor et al, 2019).…”

Section: Legal Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Shisha Consumption among Students in Tertiary Institutions: A Systematic Review

Allahdad

Kibiti

Yusuf

et al. 2021

mjtum

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Tobacco use is a risk factor for several diseases, disabilities and premature deaths. Shisha is specially flavoured tobacco and majority of the users perceive hookah smoking to be safer than cigarette. Shisha use has become rampant and trendy among students in tertiary institutions. This review aims to evaluate predictors of shisha consumption among students in tertiary institutions. We reviewed references of authentic databases and journals including Web of Science, PubMed, Iranian Databases, National Agency for the Campaign against Alcohol and Drug Abuse, CDC and WHO. The review focused on data documented from 2010 up to 2020.Predictors of shisha use were: shisha availability and accessibility, flavouring ,gender, awareness level, parental factors, marital status, social acceptability, peer pressure, birth order, monthly stipend, course enrolled in, internet and legal framework on hookah smoking. Most students using shisha reported to be poly drug users with marijuana, tobacco products, alcohol and khat. Most students consume shisha either singly or concurrently or simultaneously alongside other drugs. However, it is not possible to tell if shisha use preceded use of other drugs or was an aftermath. There is need to strengthen laws and policies regulating waterpipe industry. Since nearly all the reviewed literature was based on self-reported history which is prone to both social desirability bias and memory recall bias there is need to have confirmed incidence of shisha use in this sub-population.

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Explaining the determinants of hookah consumption among women in southern Iran: a qualitative study

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

Predictors of hookah smoking frequency among women in the South of Iran: A cross-sectional study

Predictors of hookah smoking frequency among women in the South of Iran: A cross-sectional study

Predictors of hookah smoking among women in the south of Iran: a cross-sectional study

Predictors of Shisha Consumption among Students in Tertiary Institutions: A Systematic Review

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