Explaining the perspective of people living with HIV on health‐promoting behaviours based on Pender's model: A directed content analysis

Abstract

AimHealth‐promoting behaviours are an important challenge in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Knowing PLHIV's perspective can be helpful for more effective health‐promoting behaviour planning. Therefore, the present study aims to explain PLHIV's perspective on health‐promoting behaviours based on Pender's health‐promotion model.DesignA qualitative study with a directed content analysis approach.MethodsAltogether, 17 PLHIV referring to the Behavioural Diseases Consultation and Control Center in Tehran, Iran and were selected through purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi‐structured individual interviews and the results were analysed through directed content analysis based on Pender's model. Data management was done by MAXQDA V10.ResultsData analysis led to the extraction of 396 codes in 35 subcategories and 15 main categories in 6 constructs of Pender's model, including the perceived benefits (health assurance and optimal disease control), perceived barriers (insufficient knowledge and awareness, lack of motivation, adverse outcomes of the disease and socioeconomic status), perceived self‐efficacy (endeavouring to have a healthy lifestyle, responsibility for one's health and that of others), activity‐related affect (positive and negative feelings), the interpersonal influences (family, friends and relatives and social media) and situational influences (the resources available to the community and community's culture).Patient or Public ContributionIn this study, the contribution of PLHIV was used and their perspectives were surveyed. The findings of this study can help policymakers and planners formulate health policies to select the most appropriate strategies and approaches to promoting effective healthy behaviours among PLHIV.

Avaliação da assistência de enfermagem referida por pessoas vivendo com HIV

“…De acordo com Abie e Damessa (2023) a equipe de enfermagem assume extrema importância em gerenciar comorbidades e promover mudanças de estilo de vida, além de prover orientações eficazes para a adesão à medicação, visando aprimorar os resultados clínicos em pacientes com HIV. Logo, comportamentos promotores de saúde, que resultam em melhorias no bem-estar e na prevenção de doenças, são cruciais (Pashaeypoor et al, 2023).…”

“…Entretanto, uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada no Irã, com 17 PVHIV, evidenciou que os pacientes frequentemente sofrem com estigma social e rejeição, inclusive por parte da equipe de enfermagem. Isso destaca a urgência de fornecer cuidados de saúde mais compassivos e eficazes às PVHIV, juntamente com a necessidade de políticas de saúde mais sensíveis às complexidades dessa condição (Pashaeypoor et al, 2023). Nesse cenário, a criação de uma escala especializada reforça a necessidade de uma abordagem direcionada e abrangente, com ênfase no cuidado integral e humanizado ao paciente com HIV.…”