Exploiting and Defending Open Digital Platforms with Boundary Resources: Android’s Five Platform Forks

Karhu, Kimmo; Gustafsson, Robin; Lyytinen, Kalle

doi:10.1287/isre.2018.0786

Cited by 196 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Such (sometimes) hostile strategies have manifested in varied forms including: building meta-platforms (Ghazawneh and Henfridsson 2013), jail-breaking devices (Eaton et al 2015), and initiating proprietary platforms through open-source licensing (Pon et al 2014). As explored by Karhu, Gustafsson, and Lyytinen's (2018) paper in this Special Issue, Amazon's proprietary Fire platform is an exploitation, or "platform forking," of the Android Open-Source project's core. Amazon not only copied the code of Android's technical core, but also exploits Android's suite of applications at the service and content layers in the form of complements.…”

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction—Platforms and Infrastructures in the Digital Age

Constantinides

Henfridsson

Parker

2018

Information Systems Research

625

375

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Please scroll down for article-it is on subsequent pagesWith 12,500 members from nearly 90 countries, INFORMS is the largest international association of operations research (O.R.) and analytics professionals and students. INFORMS provides unique networking and learning opportunities for individual professionals, and organizations of all types and sizes, to better understand and use O.R. and analytics tools and methods to transform strategic visions and achieve better outcomes. For more information on INFORMS, its publications, membership, or meetings visit Abstract. In the last few years, leading-edge research from information systems, strategic management, and economics have separately informed our understanding of platforms and infrastructures in the digital age. Our motivation for undertaking this special issue rests in the conviction that it is significant to discuss platforms and infrastructures concomitantly, while enabling knowledge from diverse disciplines to cross-pollinate to address critical, pressing policy challenges and inform strategic thinking across both social and business spheres. In this editorial, we review key insights from the literature on digital infrastructures and platforms, present emerging research themes, highlight the contributions developed from each of the six articles in this special issue, and conclude with suggestions for further research.

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Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction—Platforms and Infrastructures in the Digital Age

Constantinides

Henfridsson

Parker

2018

Information Systems Research

625

375

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“…For the platform owner, openness also comes with risk; thus, one of the most important decisions is what to reveal (open) and what to keep secret. In this sense, open innovation is also a theory of selective revelation (Alexy et al, ; Alexy, West, Klapper, & Reitzig, ; Henkel, ) rather than a prescription that openness is inherently “good.” It is possible that too much openness can allow competitors to “fork” the platform, which may create problems not only for the platform owner, as their intellectual property is used by a competitor (Karhu, Gustafsson, & Lyytinen, ), but also for new ventures that serve as complementors. Thus, future research should examine how the nature/type and degree of platform openness shape an entrepreneur's decisions to pursue associated opportunities, as well as the survival and performance of their ventures.…”

Section: How Oi and Platforms Facilitate Entrepreneurshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the platform, which may create problems not only for the platform owner, as their intellectual property is used by a competitor (Karhu, Gustafsson, & Lyytinen, 2018), but also for new ventures that serve as complementors. Thus, future research should examine how the nature/type and degree of platform openness shape an entrepreneur's decisions to pursue associated opportunities, as well as the survival and performance of their ventures.…”

Section: Openness and Entrepreneurshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

On open innovation, platforms, and entrepreneurship

Nambisan

Siegel

Kenney

2018

Strategic Entrepreneurship

362

207

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Research Summary In recent decades, two emergent phenomena have jointly transformed the nature and pursuit of entrepreneurship across industries and sectors: open innovation and platformization. Open innovation involves a shift toward more open and distributed models of innovation, while platformization refers to the increasing importance of digital platforms as a venue for value creation and capture. Together, open innovation and platforms have created numerous opportunities for entrepreneurs and their firms—from serving as inputs for innovation for established firms to participating as complementors on existing platforms. While these entrepreneurial opportunities (and conditions) have manifested themselves in rich and varied ways, our understanding of these new forms of entrepreneurship has lagged behind. In this essay, and in this special issue, our objective is to bring a sharper focus on the important research issues and questions that frame open innovation, platforms, and entrepreneurship. Managerial Summary Digital platforms and open innovation environments have unleashed numerous promising opportunities for entrepreneurs, in industries ranging from consumer software, entertainment, and home appliances to auto, health, and energy. To pursue those opportunities, however, entrepreneurs will need to gain a deeper understanding of the factors that facilitate and constrain them. In this essay, we identify and discuss several of these factors and the associated challenges and highlight the need for additional research. We also consider some of the broader contextual factors, including regulatory policies, digitization, and globalization that shape the emerging opportunities.

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“…Rationale The role of IT is changing from focusing on the efficiency of an organization's internal processes to enabling effective coordination and exchange of data between organizations (Karhu et al, 2018;Lusch & Nambisan, 2015). This comprises diverse options of capturing, aggregating, and distributing data between organizations via IT.…”

Section: The Principle Of Technology-oriented Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design principles for digital value co-creation networks: a service-dominant logic perspective

et al. 2019

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Information systems (IS) increasingly expand actor-to-actor networks beyond their temporal, organizational, and spatial boundaries. In such networks and through digital technology, IS enable distributed economic and social actors to not only exchange but also integrate their resources in materializing value co-creation processes. To account for such IS-enabled value co-creation processes in multi-actor settings, this research gives rise to the phenomenon of digital value co-creation networks (DVNs). In designing DVNs, it is not only necessary to consider underpinning value co-creation processes, but also the characteristics of the business environments in which DVNs evolve. To this end, our study guides the design of DVNs through employing servicedominant logic, a theoretical lens that conceptualizes value co-creation as well as business environments. Through an iterative research process, this study derives design requirements and design principles for DVNs, and eventually discusses how these design principles can be illustrated by expository design features for DVNs.Drawing on and integrating into extant value co-creation and S-D logic research, we give rise to the phenomenon of DVNs, briefly synthesize DVNs' conceptual constituents (i.e., digital infrastructure, value co-creation, and actor-to-actor networks), and introduce S-D logic as employed kernel theory. Digital value co-creation networksStill, little light has been shed on how actors engage in contexts of dyadic and physical resource integration (Breidbach

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Exploiting and Defending Open Digital Platforms with Boundary Resources: Android’s Five Platform Forks

Cited by 196 publications

References 63 publications

Introduction—Platforms and Infrastructures in the Digital Age

Introduction—Platforms and Infrastructures in the Digital Age

On open innovation, platforms, and entrepreneurship

Design principles for digital value co-creation networks: a service-dominant logic perspective

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