Exploiting redundancy to conserve energy in storage systems

Abstract

General questions Question f) How well does UK IP system promote innovation? Patents In areas where it is appropriate and managed properly, if the benefits outweigh the costs and are superior to alternative mechanisms, the patent system can play a positive role in stimulating innovation, and enhancing economic growth and improved quality of life for the benefit of all in society. The challenge is to design a patent system that does not present excessive costs on society, through for example unreasonable restrictions on access to new inventions, or harm to other non-patent systems that would otherwise stimulate inventive activity. The patent system is only used in certain areas of the economy. Some types of inventive activity are not subject to patents, and some types of research and development do not benefit from patent protection. The limited role for the patent system is deliberate, and recognizes the importance of other mechanisms, incentives, rewards, tendencies, and forces in the process of innovation and progress in the arts and sciences.

Energy aware RAID configuration for large storage systems

“…Earlier reports [2][3][4] presented approaches that move a status of parity or mirror HDD to low-power mode. Another [5] explained an approach that controls the I/O schedules to enlarge I/O intervals using a storage cache.…”

“…Another paper [8] explained an approach to write data onto an appropriate HDD according to its I/O pattern. These energy-saving approaches [2,3,[5][6][7][8], however, do not consider the effect of changing the number of drives, RAID level, or media type in a RAID group for storage energy savings. A system that changes the number of disks in a RAID group dynamically according to load of applications has been proposed from one study [4], which did not evaluate the power and performance of a different RAID configuration without changing the total number of disks.…”

“…Many energy-saving storage methods have been proposed [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. However, few studies have examined the influence that the number of drives or a RAID level has upon storage power consumption.…”

Power-Saving in Storage Systems for Cloud Data Sharing Services with Data Access Prediction

“…In particular, as a high percentage of the total computing energy is consumed by storage systems, various attempts at reducing the power consumption of storage systems have been made [4], [20], [21]. These studies were essentially based on the commonly employed technique of skewing the workload toward a small subset of disks, thereby enabling the other disks to remain in standby (i.e., low-power) mode.…”

ECOS: An energy-efficient cluster storage system

“…In addition to emerging high-performance disk drives with high power needs, increasing storage requirements imposed by data-intensive applications make it desirable to design energy-efficient cluster storage systems. Several novel techniques proposed to conserve energy in storage systems include dynamic power management schemes [7] [17], power-aware cache management strategies [31], power-aware prefetching schemes [24], software-directed power management techniques [25], redundancy techniques [22], and multi-speed settings [10] [11] [15]. A few innovative techniques have been developed to substantially reduce energy dissipation in traditional server clusters [21] [13] [5] [4] [8] [9].…”