Exploiting waste: towards a sustainable production of biodiesel using <i>Musa acuminata</i> peel ash as a heterogeneous catalyst

Pathak, Gunindra; Das, Diparjun; Rajkumari, Kalyani; Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala

doi:10.1039/c8gc00071a

Cited by 198 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This shows that combing the agrowastes has improved the surface areas of both calcined ashes of cocoa pod husk and kola nut pod husk. The surface area of the calcined CPK ash in this present study is much higher compare to calcined ashes of Brassica nigra leaves, Musa acuminata peel and wood obtained from Acacia nilotica with 7.038, 1.4546 and 1.33-3.72 m 2 /g, respectively [13,16,32]. The physisorption isotherms of the calcined CPK ash is depicted in Figure 5.…”

Section: Ir Spectrum For Calcined Cpkmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Biodiesel produced from Ceiba pentandra oil gave a maximum yield of 98.69 ± 0.18 wt.% using calcined banana peduncle ash of 1.978 wt.% at reaction temperature of 65 • C, time of 1 h and MeOH:oil of 9.20:1 [14]. Transesterification of soybean oil in the presence of banana peel ash at room temperature, reaction time of [14], MeOH:oil of 6:1 and catalyst amount of 0.7 wt.% gave a biodiesel yield of 98.95% [16]. Several heterogenous catalysts with high catalytic activities have been developed at suitable calcination temperatures from waste materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Biodiesel Synthesis from Honne-Rubber-Neem Oil Blend with a Novel Mesoporous Base Catalyst Synthesized from a Mixture of Three Agrowastes

et al. 2020

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Application of solid catalysts synthesized from agricultural wastes provides an environmentally benign and low-cost process path to synthesize biodiesel. An ash containing an equal mixture of cocoa pod husk, plantain peel and kola nut pod husk ashes (CPK) was obtained by open combustion of each of the biomass in air and calcined at 500 °C for 4 h. The calcined CPK ash was characterized to determine its catalytic potential. Two-level transesterification technique was used to synthesize biodiesel using the developed catalyst. The process parameters involved were optimized for the microwave-aided transesterification of a blend of honne, rubber seed and neem oils in a volumetric ratio of 20:20:60, respectively. The study showed that the ash derived from combination of the biomass wastes provided a catalyst which consists all necessary catalytic ingredients in their relative abundance. The calcined CPK consists of 47.67% of potassium, 5.56% calcium and 4.21% magnesium attesting to its heterogenous status. The physisorption isotherms reveals that it was dominantly mesoporous in structure and made up of nanoparticles. A maximum of 98.45 wt.% biodiesel was obtained from a MeOH:oil blend of 12:1, CPK concentration of 1.158 wt.% and reaction time of 6 min under microwave irradiation. The quality of the synthesized biodiesel satisfied the requirements stipulated by standard specifications. Thus, this work demonstrates that a blend of agrowastes and mixtures of non-edible oils could be used to synthesize good quality and sustainable biodiesel that can replace fossil diesel.

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Section: Ir Spectrum For Calcined Cpkmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Biodiesel Synthesis from Honne-Rubber-Neem Oil Blend with a Novel Mesoporous Base Catalyst Synthesized from a Mixture of Three Agrowastes

et al. 2020

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“…NMR technology is a convenient and effective method to detect the yields of biodiesel [42,43,44]. In the process of NMR detection, CDCl 3 is usually used as solvent with TMS as internal standard.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Catalytic Production of Biodiesel with Acid-Base Bifunctional Rod-Like Ca-B Oxides by the Sol-Gel Approach

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Materials

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The search for acid-base bifunctional catalysts has become a hot topic in the preparation of biofuels from renewable resources. In the present work, a series of novel acid-base bifunctional metal-boron catalysts were successfully prepared by a sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, IR, SEM, TEM, TGA, BET, and TPD. Among those bifunctional solid materials, the Ca-B(700) catalyst had the highest density of both acid and base sites and showed excellent catalytic performance in the production of biodiesel from nonedible oils with high acid value. Under the optimal reaction conditions of 20/1 methanol/oil mole ratio and 4 wt % catalyst dosage at 105 °C for 2 h, a high biodiesel yield of 96.0% could be obtained from Jatropha curcas oil in one-pot. In addition, Ca-B(700) was also applicable to producing biodiesel from Firmiana platanifolia L.f. oil in a relatively low acid value, with an almost quantitative yield (98.5%) at 65 °C after 2 h. The Ca-B(700) catalyst had good stability and reusability, which is a promising acid-base bifunctional catalytic material for the preparation of biodiesel.

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“…As part of our continuous effort in biofuel research, here we attempt to synthesize a novel, environmental friendly, and highly efficient ZnO@Ag NPs as a heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of palm oil under mild reaction conditions (Figure ). The synthesized NPs were characterized by using the state‐of‐art analytical methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc oxide supported silver nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst for production of biodiesel from palm oil

Laskar

Rokhum

Gupta

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Biodiesel, also called fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), a promising alternative to petroleum diesel, has become more attractive in recent years due to its environmental friendliness coupled with its accessibility from renewable resources. This work investigated the novel zinc oxide supported silver nanoparticles (ZnO@Ag NPs) catalyzed transesterification of palm oil to biodiesel. Novel ZnO@Ag NPs were synthesized via homogeneous precipitation of Zn(OH) 2 and reduction of Ag(I) to Ag (0).During the preparation of nanocatalyst, polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000) played a dual role as both the surfactant and reducing agent. The synthesized NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and BET analysis. Biodiesel formation was confirmed by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopic analysis. In addition, different constituents of FAME were identified using GC-MS analytical technique. Under the optimum reaction conditions (methanol to oil ratio, 10:1, catalyst loading, 10 wt%, temperature 60 C and time, 60 min), the percentage conversion of triglycerides to corresponding FAME was 97% as determined by 1 H NMR.Catalyst recyclability tests confirmed that ZnO@Ag NPs could be reused at least for five successive cycles without appreciable loss in its activity. K E Y W O R D Sbiodiesel, heterogeneous catalyst, polyethylene glycol, renewable energy, transesterification

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Exploiting waste: towards a sustainable production of biodiesel using Musa acuminata peel ash as a heterogeneous catalyst

Abstract: Today, biodiesel, a renewable, non-toxic and environmentally friendly fuel, is attracting increasing attention worldwide as an alternative to fossil fuel.

Cited by 198 publications

References 53 publications

Sustainable Biodiesel Synthesis from Honne-Rubber-Neem Oil Blend with a Novel Mesoporous Base Catalyst Synthesized from a Mixture of Three Agrowastes

Sustainable Biodiesel Synthesis from Honne-Rubber-Neem Oil Blend with a Novel Mesoporous Base Catalyst Synthesized from a Mixture of Three Agrowastes

Efficient Catalytic Production of Biodiesel with Acid-Base Bifunctional Rod-Like Ca-B Oxides by the Sol-Gel Approach

Zinc oxide supported silver nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst for production of biodiesel from palm oil

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