Exploration of Carbon-Filled Carbon Nanotube Vascular Stents

Skousen, Darrell J.; Jones, Kristopher N.; Kowalski, Takami; Bowden, Anton E.; Jensen, Brian D.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45387-3_10

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Carbon‐infiltrated carbon nanotubes (CICNT) may provide a structural solution for preventing bacterial adherence and biofilm formation while offering biocompatibility and robust application across more complex geometries. Other than our own work presented at a recent meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 22 this study provides the first evidence of structurally based biofilm resistance of CICNT. The material is fabricated in two steps: (1) a “nucleation and growth” step where a carbon nanotube (CNT) “forest” is nucleated on an underlying ceramic or metallic substrate and grown to a pre‐determined average CNT length ranging from 50 to 1000 microns, and (2) a subsequent “infiltration” step where bulk carbon is deposited on the CNT forest, essentially increasing the diameters of the CNTs and producing a nanopillar structure with a tailored infiltration diameter roughly corresponding to those in cicada and dragonfly wings density 23–26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…19,21 Carbon-infiltrated carbon nanotubes (CICNT) may provide a structural solution for preventing bacterial adherence and biofilm formation while offering biocompatibility and robust application across more complex geometries. Other than our own work presented at a recent meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 22 this study provides the first evidence of structurally based biofilm resistance of CICNT. The material is fabricated in two steps:…”

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confidence: 74%

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Structural biofilm resistance of carbon‐infiltrated carbon nanotube coatings

Morco

Williams

Jensen

et al. 2021

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of orthopedic implant surgeries, such as total knee and hip arthroplasties. Treatment requires additional surgeries because antibiotics have limited efficacy due to biofilm formation and resistant bacterial strains such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A non‐pharmaceutical approach is needed, and examples of this are found in nature; dragonfly and cicada wings are antibacterial because of their nanopillar surface structure rather than their chemistry. Carbon‐infiltrated carbon nanotube (CICNT) surfaces exhibit a similar nanopillar structure, and have been shown to facilitate osseointegration, and it is postulated that they might provide a structurally‐derived resistance to bacterial proliferation and biofilm formation. The objective of this study was to test the biofilm resistance of CICNT coatings. Two types of CICNT were produced: a vertically aligned CNT forest on a silicon substrate using a layer of iron as the catalyst (CICNT‐Si) and a random‐oriented CNT forest on stainless steel (SS) substrate using the substrate as the catalyst (CICNT‐SS). These were tested against SS and carbon controls. After 48 h in an MRSA biofilm reactor, samples demonstrated that both types of CICNT coatings significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced MRSA biofilm formation by 60%–80%. Morphologically, biofilm presence on both types of CICNT was also significantly reduced. Clinical Significance: Results suggest that a CICNT surface modification could be suitable and advantageous for medical devices susceptible to MRSA cell attachment and biofilm proliferation, particularly orthopedic implants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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confidence: 74%