Exploration of the modification of carbon-based substrate surfaces in aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries

Abstract

Oxygen-containing groups can be introduced to carbon paper surfaces by acidification. They improve the electrochemical performances and affect the charge-discharge behaviors of the MnO2/CP cathode by reducing the interface resistance.

Fundamental Understanding and Effect of Anionic Chemistry in Zinc Batteries

“…Hence, in order to further achieve the high compatibility of the electrode-electrolyte interface, anionic groups such as hydroxide, phosphate and oxygen ions are tried to connect to the dangling bonds on the surface of the crystal grains. This mainly includes carbon materials (such as graphene oxide and carbon paper containing oxygen groups on the surface) and MXene with no or low electrochemical activity, [65][66][67] endowing them surprising performances in ZIBs. [48] Typically, the oxygen-rich groups were connected on carbon paper by using hybrid acid treatment, which significantly improved electrode hydrophilicity, specific capacity and rate performance.…”

“…[ 48 ] Typically, the oxygen‐rich groups were connected on carbon paper by using hybrid acid treatment, which significantly improved electrode hydrophilicity, specific capacity and rate performance. [ 65 ] For the electrochemical inert material NiCo 2 O 4 , the phosphate ion was also tried to anchored on the electrode surface. [ 48 ] Compared with O 2− , the phosphate ions have a longer bond length and lower electronegativity, which could reduce the energy barrier of electron transport and enhance reaction kinetics.…”

Al-doped α-MnO2 coated by lignin for high-performance rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries

“…4,5 Among numerous contenders of rechargeable aqueous metal-ion batteries, 6,7 aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) appear to be tremendously promising because of their superior attributes, 8 including high theoretical capacitance of the Zn anode (820 mA h g À1 ), low electrochemical potential of Zn 2+ /Zn (À0.763 V, SHE), low cost, and environmental friendliness. [9][10][11] As for AZIBs, the commonly used cathode materials include Mn-based oxides, 12,13 V-based compounds, 14,15 Prussian blue analogs, 16,17 spinel ZnCo 2 O 4 materials, 18 transition metal dichalcogenides, 19 and quinone and ketone compounds. 20 MnO 2 with various polymorphs is the most explored material in the family of cathode materials due to its advantages, such as high theoretical capacity (308 mA h g À1 based on single-electron transfer or 616 mA h g À1 based on two-electron transfer), low toxicity, scalable industrial manufacturing, and abundance.…”