Exploration of the neural substrates of executive functioning by functional neuroimaging

Collette, Fabienne; Hogge, Michaël; Salmon, Eric; Linden, Martial Van der

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.035

Cited by 385 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Although the hypometabolism of orbitofrontal areas had not been described yet, morphological alterations of this region have been reported [18,49]. This result fits on the one hand with the deficit of inhibition processes, in contrast with the preservation of other executive processes, such as updating, mainly subtended by the frontopolar cortex [10], and on the other hand, with behavioural changes of the patients. It is worth noting that a recent VBM study [65] supports the involvement of the right orbitofrontal cortex in disinhibition in FTD/SD patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Anatomical and functional alterations in semantic dementia: A voxel-based MRI and PET study

Desgranges

Matuszewski

Piolino

et al. 2007

Neurobiology of Aging

140

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Rare studies have used MRI and voxel based morphometry (VBM) to assess atrophy, and only two PET studies used SPM to examine functional changes in semantic dementia (SD). Our aim was to highlight both morphological and functional abnormalities in a same group of 10 SD patients, in the entire brain, using a "state of the art" methodology (optimized VBM procedure, PET data corrected for partial volume effects and voxel based analyses). We also used an extensive neuropsychological battery. We showed that main alterations concerned the left temporal lobe, in accordance with the striking impairment of semantic memory in SD patients, as well as the hippocampal region, which may partly explain their moderate episodic memory deficits. Hypometabolism was more extensive than grey matter loss in both temporal lobes, and specifically concerned the orbitofrontal areas, consistent with the moderate impairment of executive functions and behavioural changes. While PET is more sensitive than MRI, there is striking concordance between morphological and functional abnormalities, which contrast with the discordance observed in Alzheimer"s disease and might be a typical feature of SD.3

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Anatomical and functional alterations in semantic dementia: A voxel-based MRI and PET study

Desgranges

Matuszewski

Piolino

et al. 2007

Neurobiology of Aging

140

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“…Computation span has been used extensively in the cognitive ageing literature as a measure of executive functioning (e.g., Fisk & Warr, 1996;Salthouse & Babcock, 1991) and it is functionally similar to the operation span measure used by Miyake et al (2000) in their study of executive processes. Consonant updating has also been employed by Miyake et al and others (e.g., Morris & Jones, 1990) as a measure of executive functioning and other researchers have demonstrated that these tasks utilise prefrontal executive resources (e.g., Collette et al, 2006;van der Linden et al 1999). The Chicago fluency task has long been known to load on prefrontal neural processes (Kolb & Whishaw, 1985;Parkin & Jarva, 1999;Warkentin & Passant, 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self reported sleep quality and cognitive performance in ecstasy users

Montgomery

Fisk

Wareing

et al. 2007

Human Psychopharmacology

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Objectives: Research suggests that ecstasy users exhibit psychobiological changes relative to nonusers such as altered sleep patterns and cognitive deficits. In turn, it has been suggested that sleep quality may be a mediator of such cognitive deficits in ecstasy users. The present study sought to investigate this proposed relationship.Methods: Aspects of cognitive functioning in 104 ecstasy users and 103 nonusers obtained from our previous studies were reanalysed to explore the extent to which ecstasy-related group differences were attributable to differences in sleep quality.Cognitive function was assessed via the computation span test, consonant updating, paired associate learning, syllogistic reasoning and word fluency. Sleep quality was measured via the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS). Results: Ecstasy users performed worse than nonusers on all cognitive measures. While no differences were observed on the ESS, ecstasy users reported greater tiredness at the beginning of testing than nonusers. When the sleep variables were included as covariates, the effects of ecstasy on all cognitive measures remained significant. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest little evidence for the mediating effects of sleep on cognitive function in ecstasy users.

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“…Continuous and transient patterns of neural activity might suggest different functional roles (Collette et al, 2006). Additionally, the similarity between the motif presentation and subsequent repetitions could be perceptually quantified (i.e., have participants rate the similarity of pairwise comparisons [first motif vs. successive appearances], allowing for parametrically varying degrees of similarity.…”

Section: Conclusion and Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of brain activity underlying working memory for music in a naturalistic condition

Burunat

Alluri

Toiviainen

et al. 2014

Cortex

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Sivumäärä -Number of pages 70Tiivistelmä -Abstract Working memory (WM) is at the core of any cognitive function as it is necessary for the integration of information over time. Despite WM's critical role in high-level cognitive functions, its implementation in the neural tissue is poorly understood. Preliminary studies on auditory WM show differences between linguistic and musical memory, leading to the speculation of specific neural networks encoding memory for music. Moreover, in neuroscience WM has not been studied in naturalistic listening conditions but rather in artificial settings (e.g., n-back and Sternberg tasks). Western tonal music provides naturally occurring motivic repetition and variation, recognizable units serving as WM trigger, thus allowing us to study the phenomenon of motif-tracking in the context of real music. Adopting a modern tango as stimulus, behavioural methods were used to identify the stimulus motifs and build a time-course predictor of WM neural responses. This predictor was then correlated with the participants' functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal obtained during a continuous listening condition. Neural correlates related to the sensory processing of a set of musical features were filtered out from the brain responses to music to aid in the exclusive recruitment of executive processes of music-related WM. Correlational analysis revealed a widely distributed network of cortical and subcortical areas, predominantly right-lateralized, responding to the WM condition, including ventral and dorsal areas in the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and limbic areas. Significant subcortical processing areas, active in response to the WM condition, were pruned with the removal of the acoustic content, suggesting these music-related perceptual processing areas might aid in the encoding and retrieval of WM. The pattern of dispersed neural activity indicates WM to emerge coherently from the integration of distributed neural activity spread out over different brain subsystems (motoric-, cognitive-and sensory-related areas of the brain).Asiasanat -Keywords working memory; cognitive neuroscience; music; musical motifs; functional magnetic resonance imaging ( Lashley was attempting to identify the locus of memory within the cortex, and, to do so, first trained rats to run mazes, and then removed various cortical regions. He allowed the animals to recover and tested the retention of the maze-running skills. To his surprise it was not possible to find a particular region corresponding to the ability to remember the way through a maze. Instead all the rats which had had cortex regions removed suffered some kind of impairment, and the extent of the impairment was roughly proportional to the amount of cortex taken off. Removing cortex damaged the motor and sensory capacities of the animals, and they would limp, hop, roll, or stagger, but somehow they always managed to traverse the maze. So far as memory 'as concerned, the cortex appeared to be equipotential, that is, with all regions of eq...

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Exploration of the neural substrates of executive functioning by functional neuroimaging

Cited by 385 publications

References 119 publications

Anatomical and functional alterations in semantic dementia: A voxel-based MRI and PET study

Anatomical and functional alterations in semantic dementia: A voxel-based MRI and PET study

Self reported sleep quality and cognitive performance in ecstasy users

Dynamics of brain activity underlying working memory for music in a naturalistic condition

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