Exploration of the Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): a Review

Abstract

ABSTR AC TPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic syndrome (MS) with a complex etiology, and its pathogenesis is not yet clear. In recent years, the correlation between gut microbiota (GM) and metabolic disease has become a hot topic in research, leading to a number of new ideas about the etiology and pathological mechanisms of PCOS. The literature shows that GM can cause insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, chronic inflammation and metabolic syndrome (obesity, diabetes) and may contribute to the development of PCOS by influencing energy absorption, the pathways of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lipopolysaccharides, choline and bile acids, intestinal permeability and the brain-gut axis. As part of the treatment of PCOS, fecal microbiota transplantation, supplementation with prebiotics and traditional Chinese medicine can be used to regulate GM and treat disorders. This article reviews possible mechanisms and treatment options for PCOS, based on methods which target the GM, and offers new ideas for the treatment of PCOS. ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas polyzystische Ovarsyndrom (PCOS) ist ein endokrines und metabolisches Syndrom (MS) mit einer komplexen Ätiologie. Die Pathogenese von PCOS ist noch immer ungeklärt. In den letzten Jahren hat sich die Forschung verstärkt auf die Interaktion zwischen intestinaler Mikrobiota und Stoffwechselerkrankungen konzentriert, was zu einigen neuen Ideen über die Ätiologie und die pathologischen Mechanismen von PCOS führte. In der Literatur wird berichtet, dass die intestinale Mikroflora Insulinresistenz, Hyperandrogenämie, chronische Entzündungen und metabolisches Syndrom (Adipositas, Diabetes) verursachen kann und durch ihre Auswirkungen auf Energieaufnahme, kurzkettige Fettsäuren, Lipopolysaccharide, Cholin und Gallensäuren, die Permeabilität der Darmschleimhaut sowie die Darm-Hirn-Achse möglicherweise zur Entwicklung von PCOS beitragen kann. Für die Behandlung von PCOS können fäkale Mikrobiomtransfers, eine Supplementierung mit Präbiotika und traditionelle chinesische Medizin zur Regulierung der Darmflora und Behandlung von Störungen eingesetzt werden. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Überblicksdarstellung möglicher Mechanismen und Behandlungsoptionen für PCOS, basierend auf Methoden, die auf eine Änderung der intestinalen Mikrobiota abzielen, und bietet neue Ideen für die Behandlung von PCOS. GebFra Science | Review 161 Zhao X et al.

Self-Control Study on the Impact of Buzhong Yiqi Prescription on the Gut Microbiota of Obese Patients with PCOS and Phlegm-Dampness Syndrome Caused by Spleen Deficiency

“…Meanwhile, den Besten et al [32] found that SCFA could activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in the liver and muscle, thereby regulating uptake of glucose and oxidation of fatty acid. In addition, the gut microbiota could in uence the insulin sensitivity by SCFA-mediating in ammatory responses [33]. In the present study, the abundance of Megamonas in the patients decreased after BZYQ treatment, which was bene cial for reducing intestinal permeability and maintaining intestinal homeostasis.…”

Are Dietary Indices Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Phenotypes? A Preliminary Study

“…The gut microbiota has been implicated to play a critical role in metabolic diseases such as PCOS, and may modulate the secretion of mediators of the brain–gut axis [ 64 ]. However, the research is still in its early stage [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. Fibre and microbiome may be a confounding factor in the present study.…”

Impact of Short-Term Isoflavone Intervention in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Patients on Microbiota Composition and Metagenomics

“…Positive and negative regulations have been described, as there are studies hypothesizing an endocrine disruptor effect of isoflavones [ 28 , 29 ]. Some of these microbial strains are responsible for highly important pathways including energy adsorption, lipopolysaccharide, and short-chain-fatty acid metabolization and the bile acid pathways [ 30 , 31 ]. Studies on differences in the strain composition in other diseases already showed the importance of single alterations in strains on the phenotype and differences between healthy and diseased subjects.…”