Exploring Active Travel and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Relationships With Cognition Among Older Adults

Phansikar, Madhura; Mullen, Sean P.

doi:10.1123/japa.2019-0125

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Inversely to recreational walking, utilitarian walking involves mandatory and fixed activities, controlled by relatively rigid schedules [23]. For that reason, utilitarian walking generally involves shorter and faster trips than recreational walking [14,21,31]. For example, the studies conducted by Kang et al [14] and by Millward et al [21] showed that utilitarian walking was, respectively, 9% to 12% faster than recreational walking.…”

Section: Categories Of Walkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels and Characteristics of Utilitarian Walking in the Central Areas of the Cities of Bologna and Porto

et al. 2021

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Walking is a mode of transport that offers many environmental and health benefits. Utilitarian walking refers to walking trips undertaken to fulfil routine purposes. The aim of this paper is to examine the extent to which walking is used as a transport mode for short urban trips in the city centers of Bologna and Porto and the barriers preventing utilitarian walking. Based on a questionnaire (n = 1117) administered in the two cities, results indicated that 21% of the individuals travel by foot, while 47% combine walking with other modes. This means that 68% of the daily trips to these city centers involve walking activity. From the overall trips, 84% were made to reach work and school/university. Statistical tests showed that utilitarian walkers were more likely to be females (p < 0.001) and undergraduates (p < 0.001). People from Bologna were more likely to engage in utilitarian walking than people from Porto (p < 0.001). Travel distance and time were the main barriers preventing people from engaging in utilitarian walking. The findings described in this paper provide a better understanding of utilitarian walking in the central areas of both cities, which can guide policies to promote healthier lifestyles and sustainable mobility.

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Section: Categories Of Walkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels and Characteristics of Utilitarian Walking in the Central Areas of the Cities of Bologna and Porto

et al. 2021

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“…Although there is some evidence to suggest that recreational physical activity is more beneficial for cognitive function compared to active transport or occupational physical activity ( Phansikar et al, 2019 ), few studies have investigated this in older adults. We found a significant main effect of spending no time in recreational physical activity (relative to >30 min per day) with worse long-term memory performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activities which constitute recreational physical activity (also known as leisure-time physical activity), such as dancing, gym classes or playing sports, are considered to be more beneficial for cognitive function than other physical activity modalities such as active transport (i.e., walking to the bus stop) or household chores ( Phansikar et al, 2019 ), whilst studies on the impact of occupational physical activity on cognitive function in older adults have presented mixed findings ( Rovio et al, 2007 ; Adam et al, 2013 ). The benefits associated with recreational physical activity may be partly because many recreational activities require more neuromuscular complexity, higher levels of cognitive engagement, and more social interaction (i.e., through engaging with others during group activities) ( Phansikar et al, 2019 ). However, to date, few studies have assessed differences between recreational physical activity and non-recreational physical activity against cognitive function in older adults, and this warrants further exploration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty-four-hour time-use composition and cognitive function in older adults: cross-sectional findings of the ACTIVate study

Mellow

Dumuid²,

Wade³

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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IntroductionPhysical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep are associated with cognitive function in older adults. However, these behaviours are not independent, but instead make up exclusive and exhaustive components of the 24-h day. Few studies have investigated associations between 24-h time-use composition and cognitive function in older adults. Of these, none have considered how the quality of sleep, or the context of physical activity and sedentary behaviour may impact these relationships. This study aims to understand how 24-h time-use composition is associated with cognitive function across a range of domains in healthy older adults, and whether the level of recreational physical activity, amount of television (TV) watching, or the quality of sleep impact these potential associations.Methods384 healthy older adults (age 65.5 ± 3.0 years, 68% female, 63% non-smokers, mean education = 16.5 ± 3.2 years) participated in this study across two Australian sites (Adelaide, n = 207; Newcastle, n = 177). Twenty-four-hour time-use composition was captured using triaxial accelerometry, measured continuously across 7 days. Total time spent watching TV per day was used to capture the context of sedentary behaviours, whilst total time spent in recreational physical activity was used to capture the context of physical activity (i.e., recreational accumulation of physical activity vs. other contexts). Sleep quality was measured using a single item extracted from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Cognitive function was measured using a global cognition index (Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III) and four cognitive domain composite scores (derived from five tests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery: Paired Associates Learning; One Touch Stockings of Cambridge; Multitasking; Reaction Time; Verbal Recognition Memory). Pairwise correlations were used to describe independent relationships between time use variables and cognitive outcomes. Then, compositional data analysis regression methods were used to quantify associations between cognition and 24-h time-use composition.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates and false discovery rate there were no significant associations between time-use composition and global cognition, long-term memory, short-term memory, executive function, or processing speed outcomes, and no significant interactions between TV watching time, recreational physical activity engagement or sleep quality and time-use composition for any cognitive outcomes.DiscussionThe findings highlight the importance of considering all activities across the 24-h day against cognitive function in older adults. Future studies should consider investigating these relationships longitudinally to uncover temporal effects.

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“…A previous work found that self-reported PA was consistently associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke, but not with the incidence of dementia [37]. According to different PA patterns, two studies have reported a positive association between leisure-time PA and cognition in older adults but failed to find an association with commuting mode [38,39]. About the association between sedentary time and cognitive outcomes, a recent systematic review showed that there is a lack of association between these variables in older ages [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediation Effect of Self–Report Physical Activity Patterns in the Relationship between Educational Level and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Chilean Health National Survey 2016–2017

Solis‐Urra

Plaza‐Díaz

Álvarez‐Mercado

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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J.S.-M.); fmolina@ugr.es (F.A.-M.) † These authors equally contributed to this work.Abstract: The aims of this cross-sectional study were (i) to determine the association of educational level attained with cognitive impairment and (ii) to investigate the mediating effect of different self-report physical activity (PA) patterns in a large sample of older Chileans. A sample of 1571 older adults from the National Chilean Survey (2016-2017) was included. The educational level attained, PA levels, mode of commuting, sedentary time, and leisure-time PA were self-reported through validated questionnaires. Cognitive impairment was determined by Mini-Mental State Examination (modified version). Association between educational level attained and cognitive impairment was examined using logistic regression models. Counterfactual mediation models were used to test the mediating effect of self-reported PA patterns. A lower educational level was consistently associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR range 2.846 to 2.266, all p < 0.001), while leisure-time PA was the only PA pattern that partially mediated this association (proportion mediated 8.0%). In conclusion, leisure-time PA was the solely PA pattern that partially mediated the association between the educational level and cognitive impairment. The rest self-reported PA patterns did not modify this association.

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Exploring Active Travel and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Relationships With Cognition Among Older Adults

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Levels and Characteristics of Utilitarian Walking in the Central Areas of the Cities of Bologna and Porto

Levels and Characteristics of Utilitarian Walking in the Central Areas of the Cities of Bologna and Porto

Twenty-four-hour time-use composition and cognitive function in older adults: cross-sectional findings of the ACTIVate study

The Mediation Effect of Self–Report Physical Activity Patterns in the Relationship between Educational Level and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Chilean Health National Survey 2016–2017

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