2015
DOI: 10.3390/ijgi4020783
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Exploring Spatial Scale, Autocorrelation and Nonstationarity of Bird Species Richness Patterns

Abstract: Abstract:In this paper we explore relationships between bird species richness and environmental factors in New York State, focusing particularly on how spatial scale, autocorrelation and nonstationarity affect these relationships. We used spatial statistics, Getis-Ord Gi*(d), to investigate how spatial scale affects the measurement of richness "hot-spots" and "cold-spots" (clusters of high and low species richness, respectively) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to explore scale dependencies and non… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…Tools such as geographically weighted regression (GWR; Fotheringham, Brunsdon, & Charlton, 2002) have been used to explore locally varying processes and their spatial scale across boundaries (Cheng & Fotheringham, 2013) and have also been used to investigate locally varying patterns in species richness (Bickford & Laffan, 2006;Foody, 2004;Holloway & Miller, 2015) and species-environment relationships (Kupfer & Farris, 2006;Miller, 2012;Miller, Franklin, & Aspinall, 2007;Osborne et al, 2007). In GWR, the spatial scale of species-environment relationships is represented with bandwidth parameters that determine the degree to which nearby observations are given higher weights than more distant ones (Fotheringham et al, 2002).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Tools such as geographically weighted regression (GWR; Fotheringham, Brunsdon, & Charlton, 2002) have been used to explore locally varying processes and their spatial scale across boundaries (Cheng & Fotheringham, 2013) and have also been used to investigate locally varying patterns in species richness (Bickford & Laffan, 2006;Foody, 2004;Holloway & Miller, 2015) and species-environment relationships (Kupfer & Farris, 2006;Miller, 2012;Miller, Franklin, & Aspinall, 2007;Osborne et al, 2007). In GWR, the spatial scale of species-environment relationships is represented with bandwidth parameters that determine the degree to which nearby observations are given higher weights than more distant ones (Fotheringham et al, 2002).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These techniques are typically inductive, as opposed to deductive, in that they are not used to prove or disprove pre-existing hypotheses, but rather are used to identify patterns embedded in data, and thereby support hypothesis generation [15]. Association rule mining techniques have been widely used to obtain the interrelationships among geographical parameters, including the interrelationship between bird species richness and geographical parameters [31], the spatial distribution of aerosol optical depth and its affecting factors [32], the spatial co-location patterns between the fish distribution and marine parameters [33], and the teleconnection among regional or global marine parameters [27,30,34].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Technically, spatial autocorrelation examines the relationship between similarities and distance [17][18][19]. The phenomenon that near things are more related than distant things is universal.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%