Exploring the C–H…O Interactions in Glycoproteins

Abstract

Glycoproteins are an important class of proteins that play a significant role in many cellular events. In the present study, we analyze the influence of C-H...O interactions in relation to other environmental preferences in glycoproteins. CH...O interactions are now accepted as a genuine hydrogen bond. Main chain-main chain interactions are predominant. Proline residues stabilize strands by C-H...O interactions in glycoproteins. Majority of the C-H...O interacting residues were conserved and had one or more stabilization centers. CH...O interactions might be responsible for the global conformational stability, since long-range CH...O contacts were predominant. The results presented in this study might be useful for structural stability studies in glycoproteins.

Contribution of Non‐Canonical Interactions to the Stability of Sm/LSm Oligomeric Assemblies

“…The higher percentage of CHÀO interactions may be explained in terms of the larger abundance of CH groups. These results were similar to that of the results observed with RNA binding proteins, [48] antimicrobial peptides, [49] interleukins, [17] Glycoproteins [50] and thermophilic proteins [51] where the CHÀO interactions are the predominant type of interactions. It is interesting to note that, our results were somewhat different to that of the results observed with RNA binding proteins [48] where the major contribution to CHÀO interactions was mainly from main-chain interactions.…”

“…Recently, Stojanović et al [50] reported that the fractional distribution of hydrophobic, hydrophilic and charged residues contributed to the solvent accessible protein surface and to the interfaces in Sm proteins. The surfaces contained 29 % hydrophobic amino acids, 28 % hydrophilic, and 43 % charged residues.…”

“…These interactions in term of electrostatic contribution are close to negligible, whereas the delocalization energy term far outweights all other energy terms. It has been shown that C α H⋅⋅⋅π interactions are involved in the formation of protein complexes with special ligands, cofactor, nucleotides, carbohydrates and interleukins 15–17…”

“…For a long time there was no studies that about the occurrence of C α H⋅⋅⋅π within the protein context itself 19. Recently it has been shown that CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions play an important role in the stability of some proteins 17…”

Influence of C-H...O interactions on the structural stability of β-lactamases

“…Non-canonical interactions, such as C-H· · · O interactions, have gained much attention, with a number of studies emphasizing the importance of these unconventional hydrogen bonds in stabilizing the structure of proteins [6]. The importance of C H· · · O interactions in biological structures is also evident from the early analysis of C H· · · O interactions in glycoproteins [7], RNA binding proteins [8], protein-DNA recognition [9], and carbohydrate-lectin interactions [10]. In 1996, Bella and Berman identified the importance of C H· · · O interactions in a collagen triplex helix [11].…”