Exploring the potential for biomethane production by the hybrid anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal gasification process: A review

Mitigation of Ship Emissions: Overview of Recent Trends

“…In addition to these advantages, biofuels are inherently low in sulfur, making them prime candidates for compliance with IMO sulfur-related regulations. − Through a snowball effect, an increase in demand for biofuels in the marine sector is expected to strengthen support for the domestic bioeconomy and, thus, the sustainability of this emerging pathway . In the near future, biodiesel, bio-LNG, and straight vegetable oil (SVO) will be renewable alternatives to fossil fuels, , while biomethanol, Fischer–Tropsch (FT) biodiesel, and pyrolysis bio-oil will have potential to replace LNG, HFO, and distillate fuels in the longer term. , First-generation biofuels, such as SVO and biodiesel, have been shown to be effective in ships, while pyrolysis oil and Fischer–Tropsch (FT) biodiesel, which are second biofuels, have similar combustion quality in marine engines . Although the origin of the feedstock determines the properties of SVO and biodiesel, they function similarly to common HFO and diesel .…”

“…Therefore, its upgrading and commercialization could be complex and costly . The similarity of biomethane and LNG makes the former an alternative that can be produced from biomass by standard thermochemical and anaerobic digestion methods. Biomethane, as a sustainable energy source, reduces greenhouse gas emissions and is readily connectible to all kinds of LNG terminals .…”

“…164 In the near future, biodiesel, bio-LNG, and straight vegetable oil (SVO) will be renewable alternatives to fossil fuels, 163,165 while biomethanol, Fischer−Tropsch (FT) biodiesel, and pyrolysis bio-oil will have potential to replace LNG, HFO, and distillate fuels in the longer term. 163,165 Firstgeneration biofuels, 166 such as SVO and biodiesel, have been shown to be effective in ships, 166 while pyrolysis oil and Fischer−Tropsch (FT) biodiesel, which are second biofuels, 167 have similar combustion quality in marine engines. 166 Although the origin of the feedstock determines the properties of SVO and biodiesel, they function similarly to common HFO and diesel.…”

Integration of anaerobic digestion with heat Pump: Machine learning-based technical and environmental assessment

“…Similarly, at temperatures above 70 • C, the microbial communities (methanogenic bacteria) that facilitate the AD process are destroyed, which diminishes biogas production (Sun et al, 2022). It is seen that for temperatures higher than 45 • C, the amount of gas production monotonically increases (Sharma et al, 2022) and in the case of thermophilic bacteria, this temperature can increase up to 70 • C. However, some of the studies argued that exploiting the monotonic increment of biogas by maintaining a temperature higher than 45 • C was not economically viable for several feedstocks, since maintaining this temperature would require significant thermal energy input. (Almomani, 2020).…”