Exploring the Principle of Level Surveying

Abstract

In this paper, it is proved that the principle of level surveying is uncertainty, formula of level surveying varies with selection of horizontal surface and level surface, formula of level surveying doesn’t vary with placement of level, and the principle formula of level surveying of college surveying is explained reasonably. Finally, I advise to study all results of humans level surveying based on my paper to find some new and exciting results.

Exploring Again The Principle of Level Surveying

“…So, we can completely neglect the difference between Eq.4 in literature [1] and Eq.6 in this paper. 2) Formulas in literature [1] are not strict enough, but they can completely replace homologous formulas of this paper in practice.…”

“…But in literature [1],because A A′ ∥ B B ′ exists nearly, does not strictly exist, figures of four sides such as A′ A B0 B′ (in Fig.1), A′ A0 B B′ (in Fig.2) and A′ A0 B0 B′ (in Fig.3, Fig.4 and Fig.5) are not rectangle. So, based on characteristic of rectangle in literatrure [1], Eq.1,Eq.2,Eq.4,Eq.6 and Eq.8 are not strict enough.…”

“…But in literature [1],because A A′ ∥ B B ′ exists nearly, does not strictly exist, figures of four sides such as A′ A B0 B′ (in Fig.1), A′ A0 B B′ (in Fig.2) and A′ A0 B0 B′ (in Fig.3, Fig.4 and Fig.5) are not rectangle. So, based on characteristic of rectangle in literatrure [1], Eq.1,Eq.2,Eq.4,Eq.6 and Eq.8 are not strict enough. Then, we should put forward more strict formulas, and study if the difference between new formulas in this paper and formulas in literature [1] is too small to consider.…”

“…About principle formula of level surveying ,Literature [1] is better than literatures [2][3][4][5] and literature [6] ,because it considers more completely and more reasonably. But in literature [1],because A A′ ∥ B B ′ exists nearly, does not strictly exist, figures of four sides such as A′ A B0 B′ (in Fig.1), A′ A0 B B′ (in Fig.2) and A′ A0 B0 B′ (in Fig.3, Fig.4 and Fig.5) are not rectangle.…”

“…So, based on characteristic of rectangle in literatrure [1], Eq.1,Eq.2,Eq.4,Eq.6 and Eq.8 are not strict enough. Then, we should put forward more strict formulas, and study if the difference between new formulas in this paper and formulas in literature [1] is too small to consider. These works are meaningful.…”