Exploring the Privacy Concerns in Using Intelligent Virtual Assistants under Perspectives of Information Sensitivity and Anthropomorphism

Ha, Quang-An; Chen, Victor; Uy, Ha Uy; Capistrano, Erik Paolo

doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1834728

Cited by 62 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This also implies that AI agent users may grow more insensitive to their privacy concerns when experiencing a great level of social presence, even if they use AI agents as just an instrumental device. This is comparable to Ha et al (2021) results that show the role of IVAs (as either partner or servant) significantly associated with the level of the user's privacy concerns.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…These results support Gambino et al's (2020) suggestion that CASA theory has to expand to embrace the complication stemming from the user's development of more specified scripts for agent-interaction following growing exposure to and familiarity with media agents. Recent research by Ha et al (2021) reports that user privacy concerns were significantly affected by the sensitivity of personal information along with the type of intelligent virtual assistant (IVA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No secrets between the two of us: Privacy concerns over using AI agents.

Lim

Shim²

2022

Cyberpsychology

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The diverse spread of artificial intelligence (AI) agents provides evidence of the most notable changes in the current media landscape. AI agents mostly function based on voluntary and involuntary sharing of users’ personal information. Accordingly, users’ privacy concerns have become key to understanding the varied psychological responses towards AI agents. In this study, we adopt the “computers are social actors” paradigm to identify the association between a set of relational variables—intimacy, para-social interactions, and social presence—and privacy concerns and to determine whether a user’s motivations moderate this relationship. The results from an online survey (N = 562) revealed that this occurs primarily to gratify three AI agent user needs: entertainment motivation, instrumental motivation, and passing time. The results also confirmed that social presence and intimacy significantly influence users’ privacy concerns. These results support the moderating effect of both entertainment and instrumental motivation on the relationship between intimacy, para-social interaction, social presence, and privacy concerns about using AI agents. Further implications for privacy concerns in the context of AI-mediated communications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No secrets between the two of us: Privacy concerns over using AI agents.

Lim

Shim²

2022

Cyberpsychology

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“…For example, in the private home context, technologies are typically involved in intimate situations, including interactions with others in the household. With regard to data privacy and the desire for intimacy of users, they might prefer a technology with less social cues [e.g., ( 56 )]. Instead, it might even be beneficial to specifically focus and highlight robotic qualities of technologies [cf., ( 57 )], e.g., the cognitive superpower of robots being unembarrassed and non-judgmental, as proposed by Dörrenbächer et al ( 58 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connect With Me. Exploring Influencing Factors in a Human-Technology Relationship Based on Regular Chatbot Use

Christoforakos

Feicht

Hinkofer

et al. 2021

Front. Digit. Health

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Companion technologies, such as social robots and conversational chatbots, take increasing responsibility for daily tasks and support our physical and mental health. Especially in the domain of healthcare, where technologies are often applied for long-term use, our experience with and relationship to such technologies become ever more relevant. Based on a 2-week interaction period with a conversational chatbot, our study (N = 58) explores the relationship between humans and technology. In particular, our study focuses on felt social connectedness of participants to the technology, possibly related characteristics of technology and users (e.g., individual tendency to anthropomorphize, individual need to belong), as well as possibly affected outcome variables (e.g., desire to socialize with other humans). The participants filled in short daily and 3 weekly questionnaires. Results showed that interaction duration and intensity positively predicted social connectedness to the chatbot. Thereby, perceiving the chatbot as anthropomorphic mediated the interrelation of interaction intensity and social connectedness to the chatbot. Also, the perceived social presence of the chatbot mediated the relationship between interaction duration as well as interaction intensity and social connectedness to the chatbot. Characteristics of the user did not affect the interrelations of chatbot interaction duration or intensity and perceived anthropomorphism or social presence. Furthermore, we did not find a negative correlation between felt social connectedness of users to the technology and their desire to socialize with other humans. In sum, our findings provide both theoretical and practical contributions. Our study suggests that regular interaction with a technology can foster feelings of social connectedness, implying transferability of dynamics known from interpersonal interaction. Moreover, social connectedness could be supported by technology design that facilitates perceptions of anthropomorphism and social presence. While such means could help to establish an intense relationship between users and technology and long-term engagement, the contexts in which anthropomorphic design is, actually, the means of choice should be carefully reflected. Future research should examine individual and societal consequences to foster responsible technology development in healthcare and beyond.

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“…The factors that influence privacy concerns range from the sensitivity of the information that may leak through smart speakers, 34,31 the level of anthropomorphism of the devices, 34 the incomplete understanding of privacy risks, 3 the trust relationship with speaker companies, 3 the environment (especially the ambient noise), 38 and the general attitude towards privacy 44 . A thorough analysis in Lutz and Newlands 33 leads to the identification of seven privacy concerns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The papers cover the whole trajectory that starts with factors driving privacy concerns, examines the level of perception of privacy-related problems, and ends with the impact of those concerns on users' behavior. A review examining all these stages is contained in Bolton et al 10 The factors that influence privacy concerns range from the sensitivity of the information that may leak through smart speakers, 34,31 the level of anthropomorphism of the devices, 34 the incomplete understanding of privacy risks, 3 the trust relationship with speaker companies, 3 the environment (especially the ambient noise), 38 and the general attitude towards privacy. 44 A thorough analysis in Lutz and Newlands 33 leads to the identification of seven privacy concerns.…”

Section: Privacy Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privacy in smart speakers: A systematic literature review

Maccario

Naldi

2022

Security and Privacy

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Parallel to the increasing use of smart speakers (aka virtual assistants), privacy concerns emerge. In this article, we provide a systematic review of the literature on privacy issues in smart speakers. Both Scopus and Web of Science databases are examined, as well as the preprint repository arXiv, to take into account the most recent contributions. That literature exhibits a continuously growing trend in the last 4 years, with the USA being the single largest contributor to the field.The topics debated in the literature concern the perception of privacy issues, their contribution to adoption choices, the identification of vulnerabilities, the proposal of possible countermeasures, and (last and least) the analysis of the legal cases that are arising.

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Exploring the Privacy Concerns in Using Intelligent Virtual Assistants under Perspectives of Information Sensitivity and Anthropomorphism

Cited by 62 publications

References 47 publications

No secrets between the two of us: Privacy concerns over using AI agents.

No secrets between the two of us: Privacy concerns over using AI agents.

Connect With Me. Exploring Influencing Factors in a Human-Technology Relationship Based on Regular Chatbot Use

Privacy in smart speakers: A systematic literature review

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