“…It is surprising that the customer agility concept as a whole is quite new and that it has not received suffi cient attention in the context of tourism and hospitality. Part of the reasons lie in the fact that most of the studies focused more on the specifi c characteristics of customer agility such as innovative capabilities (Grissemann, Pikkemaat, & Weger, 2013), customer responsiveness and transformation capabilities (Lam & Law, 2019); or related agility such as supply chain agility (García-Alcaraz et al, 2017), organizational agility (Mihardjo, Sasmoko, & Rukmana, 2019), social media agility (Chuang, 2020), and website agility (Mandal, Roy, & Raju, 2017). Th e common theme arising from these studies about fi rms' agility in hospitality contexts highlights the imperative needs to create a learning relationship with customers and promote the co-creation values that benefi t both customers and fi rms in the hospitality sector.…”