Explosive silicic volcanism of the Yellowstone hotspot: The ash fall tuff record

Perkins, Michael E.; Nash, Barbara P.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<0367:esvoty>2.0.co;2

Cited by 168 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…1a). Ash from the explosive stage of the Bruneau-Jarbidge eruptions was widely dispersed, correlating with thick metre scale ash deposits thousands of kilometres from the Snake River Plain (Perkins and Nash 2002). Preservation of pumice-rich and eutaxitic units in NU1-3 is atypical for SR-type volcanism and implies the ash in these Fig.…”

Section: Non-disrupted Units: Intact Volcaniclastic Succession (Nu1-8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trapper Creek, Goose Creek, Big Cottonwood Canyon) (Perkins and Nash 2002;Branney et al 2008;Ellis et al 2013), including few lithics, thin layers (<5 m), evidence of reworking and shard-rich units, would suggest the source was related to volcanism associated with the BruneauJarbidge centre,~150 km to the southeast (Fig. 1a).…”

Section: Non-disrupted Units: Intact Volcaniclastic Succession (Nu1-8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Associated with the initial rifting of the WSRP, between 11.7 and 11.0 Ma, localised rhyolite lavas, the BOwyhee Front volcanism^(the Jump Creek Rhyolite lava, the Reynolds Creek Rhyolite lava, the Cerro el Otoño Dome Field and the Wilson Creek Ignimbrite) were extruded from venting zones at the margins of the WSRP (Pierce and Morgan 1992;Perkins and Nash 2002;Bonnichsen et al 2004Bonnichsen et al , 2008Bonnichsen Walker and MacLeod (1991), Pierce and Morgan (1992), Cummings et al (2000) and Lewis et al (2012). Owyhee Mountains highlighted by box.…”

Section: Geological Overview Geological History and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extensive soft-sediment deformation and peperite formation at the base of a rhyolite lava: Owyhee Mountains, SW Idaho, USA

2016

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In the Northern Owyhee Mountains (SW Idaho), a >200-m-thick flow of the Miocene Jump Creek Rhyolite was erupted on to a sequence of tuffs, lapilli tuffs, breccias and lacustrine siltstones of the Sucker Creek Formation. The rhyolite lava flowed over steep palaeotopography, resulting in the forceful emplacement of lava into poorly consolidated sediments. The lava invaded this sequence, liquefying and mobilising the sediment, propagating sediment subvertically in large metre-scale fluidal diapirs and sediment injectites. The heat and the overlying pressure of the thick Jump Creek Rhyolite extensively liquefied and mobilised the sediment resulting in the homogenization of the Sucker Creek Formation units, and the formation of metre-scale loading structures (simple and pendulous load casts, detached pseudonodules). Density contrasts between the semi-molten rhyolite and liquefied sediment produced highly fluidal Rayleigh-Taylor structures. Local fluidisation formed peperite at the margins of the lava and elutriation structures in the disrupted sediment. The result is a 30-40-m zone beneath the rhyolite lava of extremely deformed stratigraphy. Brittle failure and folding is recorded in more consolidated sediments, indicating a differential response to loading due to the consolidation state of the sediments. The lava-sediment interaction is interpreted as being a function of (1) the poorly consolidated nature of the sediments, (2) the thickness and heat retention of the rhyolite lava, (3) the density contrast between the lava and the sediment and (4) the forceful emplacement of the lava. This study demonstrates how large lava bodies have the potential to extensively disrupt sediments and form significant lateral and vertical discontinuities that complicate volcanic facies architecture.

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Section: Non-disrupted Units: Intact Volcaniclastic Succession (Nu1-8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Non-disrupted Units: Intact Volcaniclastic Succession (Nu1-8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Overview Geological History and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extensive soft-sediment deformation and peperite formation at the base of a rhyolite lava: Owyhee Mountains, SW Idaho, USA

2016

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“…Prior to 10 Ma, volcanism was not only widespread but also produced more frequent and higher temperature eruptions (see Bonnichsen and others, 2007). After ~10 Ma, the aerial extent of volcanism narrowed to <100 km wide and eruption temperatures of rhyolites decreased from ~1,000 °C (Honjo and others, 1992;Nash, 2004, 2009;Bonnichsen and others, 2007) in the southwestern part of the province to a range of ~800 to >900 °C on the Yellowstone Plateau (Hildreth and others, 1984;Loewen and Bindeman, 2015), and the frequency of eruptions decreased (Hughes and McCurry, 2002;Perkins and Nash, 2002). A large Bouguer gravity anomaly centered in southern Oregon has been interpreted to be associated mafic batholiths that fed the eruptions (Pierce and others, 2002).…”

Section: Volcanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geologic field-trip guide to the volcanic and hydrothermal landscape of the Yellowstone Plateau

Morzel¹,

Shanks²,

Lowenstern³

et al. 2017

Scientific Investigations Report

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“…In southwestern United States, Middle Miocene peralkaline volcanism also commonly appears after a long period of subduction-related magmatism [Best et al, 1989]. Its distribution, from Nevada to California [Scott et al, 1995;Perkins and Nash, 2002], and down to the Pinacate area [Vidal-Solano et al, 2008], follows the western edge of the Precambrian basement. Because an old crust has a brittle behaviour, it favours the rapid ascent of parental magmas from the lower crust into shallow magma reservoirs.…”

Section: Fig 4 -Diagramme Alcalins-silice (Tas) [Lementioning

confidence: 99%

Isotope geochemistry and petrogenesis of peralkaline Middle Miocene ignimbrites from central Sonora: relationship with continental break-up and the birth of the Gulf of California

Vidal-Solano

Lapierre

Stock

et al. 2008

Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France

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Abstract. -Middle Miocene peralkaline ignimbrites constitute a specific geodynamic marker of the early stage of opening of the Gulf of California, preserved either in central Sonora or the Puertecitos area, in Baja California. Very uniform ages (12-12.5 Ma) obtained on these rocks show that this volcanic episode corresponds to a specific stage in the tectonic evolution of the proto-gulf area. Field observations and slightly different Sr and Nd isotopic signatures support eruptions from several small volume magma batches rather than from a large-volume caldera forming event. Isotopic ratios help to constrain the petrogenesis of the peralkaline liquids by fractional crystallization of transitional basalts in a shallow reservoir, with slight contamination by Precambrian upper crustal material. Less differentiated glomeroporphyritic icelandites erupted at about 11 Ma, mark an increase in the magma production rate and highlight an easier access to the surface, illustrating an advanced stage in the weakening of the continental crust. The tilting of the Middle Tertiary sequences results from a major change in the tectonic regime, from E-W extension giving rise to N-S grabens, to NNW-SSE strike-slip motion that can be related to the transfer of Baja California from North America to the Pacific plate. The location of peralkaline volcanism coincides with the southern edge of the Precambrian crust and the southernmost extension of the California slab window at 12.5 Ma. Géochimie isotopique et pétrogenèse des ignimbrites hyperalcalines du Miocène moyen du Sonora central : relations avec la déchirure continentale et la naissance du golfe de CalifornieMots-clés. -Ignimbrites hyperalcalines, Miocène moyen, Géochimie isotopique, Golfe de Californie.Résumé. -Les ignimbrites hyperalcalines du Miocène moyen constituent un excellent marqueur du stade initial de l'ouverture du golfe de Californie. Elles sont préservées aussi bien en Sonora central que sur la marge orientale de la pénin-sule de Basse Californie, dans la région de Puertecitos. Les âges uniformes obtenus sur ces roches (12.5-12 Ma) montrent que cet épisode volcanique correspond à un stade spécifique de l'évolution du golfe de Californie. Les données de terrain, ainsi que les données isotopiques, indiquent que les ignimbrites correspondent à plusieurs venues de faibles volumes, plutôt qu'à une éruption majeure se terminant par un effondrement en caldera. Les données isotopiques permettent en outre de préciser que les ignimbrites sont le résultat de processus de cristallisation fractionnée à partir de basaltes transitionnels, avec une faible contamination par la croûte supérieure précambrienne. Les laves vitreuses gloméroporphyriques de 11 Ma (islandites) témoignent d'une production magmatique plus importante et d'un accès plus aisé vers la surface, en relation sans doute avec une croûte continentale plus amincie. Le basculement des séquences du Miocène moyen et supérieur témoigne d'un changement majeur du champ de contrainte, depuis une extension E-W à l'origine de grab...

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Explosive silicic volcanism of the Yellowstone hotspot: The ash fall tuff record

Cited by 168 publications

References 33 publications

Extensive soft-sediment deformation and peperite formation at the base of a rhyolite lava: Owyhee Mountains, SW Idaho, USA

Extensive soft-sediment deformation and peperite formation at the base of a rhyolite lava: Owyhee Mountains, SW Idaho, USA

Geologic field-trip guide to the volcanic and hydrothermal landscape of the Yellowstone Plateau

Isotope geochemistry and petrogenesis of peralkaline Middle Miocene ignimbrites from central Sonora: relationship with continental break-up and the birth of the Gulf of California

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