Export Barriers for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: A Literature Review based on Leonidou’s Model

Narayanan, Vijay

doi:10.15678/eber.2015.030208

Cited by 51 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…From the outset of this paper, this research study set out its main objectives in twofold. First, it set out to identify key economic and Thus, by way of contributing to empirical knowledge, this study provided theoretical support to the previous studies such as WTO (2016), Narayanan (2015), and Serrano and Romero (2014), which tried to identify the barriers of SME internationalisation with particular reference for developing countries. This research study particularly extends all these conceptualisation, as the model of this study is also competent to provide the ranking of these barriers.…”

Section: Summary Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Examining economic and technology‐related barriers of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises internationalisation: An emerging economy context

et al. 2019

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In today's global marketplace, small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly looking at internationalisation strategies to boost growth, profitability, and competitiveness. However, challenges, such as, sociocultural differences, political institutions, limited resources, competitive challenges, market threats, and economic and technological barriers all hinder SMEs from entering and competing favourably in the international markets. Considering the important link between lack of resources and internationalisation of SMEs, this study examined economic and technology‐related barriers of SMEs internationalisation from a neglected yet emerging market context in Bangladesh. To compare the relative importance of these two particular categories of barriers, this study developed and validated a partial least square‐based structural equation model (PLS‐SEM) with primary data gathered from questionnaires from 212 Bangladeshi SMEs. The findings of the paper suggest that technology‐related barriers seem slightly more influential than economic barriers. As the difference is very low, importance should be given to both types of barriers as found. Conceptually, this study extends this area of research by reframing economic and technology‐related barriers of internationalisation as a hierarchical reflective model within an emerging economy context. Empirically, it confirms that PLS‐SEM can be used to compare the relative importance of these two types of barriers. Practically, policy makers can give slightly more priorities on the technology‐related barriers where it is not possible to give equal importance to both because of limited resource and research neglect on developing economies.

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Section: Summary Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Examining economic and technology‐related barriers of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises internationalisation: An emerging economy context

et al. 2019

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“…Internal barriers occur on the firm level and may be informative, financial, marketing, and functional, whereas external bar riers may be procedures, legal and administrative regulations, customs, or remaining elements of the business environment. The barriers obstruct access to a foreign market (Leonidas, 2004;Volpe Martincus et al, 2010;Vila López, 2013;Narayanan, 2015). Non--capital foreign market entry modes require much less control from firms engaged in international ventures.…”

Section: The International Strategy and The Scope Of Internationalizamentioning

confidence: 99%

International Strategy as the Facilitator of the Speed, Scope, and Scale of Firms’ Internationalization

Głodowska¹,

Pera

Wach

2019

CEMJ

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“…Katiskeas, Leonidou and Morgan (2000) discuss export performance as three groups of measures: economic (sales-related, profit-related and market share-related measures), non-economic (product-related, market-related and miscellaneousrelated measures) and generic (perceived export success, achievement of export objectives, satisfaction with export performance, and strategic export performance). Several authors focused on specific internal and external export barriers over the internationalization process (Wąsowska, 2016;Cahen, Lahiri, & Borini, 2016;Narayanan, 2015;Kahiya, 2013;Ojala & Tyrvainen, 2007). Zou, Taylor, and Osland (1998) have developed the EXPerf scale that measures three dimensions of export performance: financial, strategic and satisfaction with export.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-business tools adoption and export performance: Empirical evidence from Croatian companies

Šimić¹,

Biloš²,

Mijoč³

2019

JEMI

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Technology development has enabled companies of all kinds, industries, and sizes to acti vely parti cipate in internati onal business. Informati on and communicati ons technology (ICT), and especially e-business tools, are important for the internati onal acti viti es of companies. ICT empowers the company's potenti al to contribute signifi cantly to economic growth, as it plays a vital role in simplifying business processes and contributes to the improvement of the competi ti ve market presence of a company. The objecti ve of this research is to identi fy the level of e-business tools adopti on in Croati an exporti ng companies and investi gate its infl uence on their export performance. In the analysis of the level of e-business tools adopti on, a parti al OECD e-commerce maturity model was used, which measures several aspects of ICT readiness and intensity of web sites and e-commerce in exporti ng companies. Several disti nct aspects of e-business tools adopti on were examined, namely e-mail usage, internet usage in market research, promoti on, e-commerce, and e-payment possibiliti es. The export performance level was measured through three elements: the export/total business acti viti es rati o, the export/total revenue rati o and, additi onally, the existence of multi lingual offi cial websites. Our fi ndings provide enough evidence that e-business tools adopti on has a positi ve correlati on to export performance for Croati an exporters. However, it should be noted that three e-business tools adopti on factors positi vely correlate with export performance: namely (1) e-mail use for correspondence with partners/suppliers/buyers, (2) use of the internet as a promoti onal tool for foreign markets and (3) e-payment use. Two remaining e-business tools adopti on factors that were measured -(1) use of the internet as an informati on source on foreign markets/ (Eds.) buyers/suppliers and (2) online ordering/sales, did not record a significant correlation with export performance. These findings imply that there is still room for better implementation of e-business tools in Croatian exporting companies, particularly regarding market research and online ordering and sales that can contribute to better export performance. With regard to international market geographical orientation, we found significant differences in exporting companies oriented toward geographically and culturally distant markets (non-regional and non-EU markets) that have a statistically higher level of e-business tools implementation in comparison to those exporting dominantly to regional and EU markets. This illustrates the significance of e-business tools adoption for reaching and managing those distant markets that are important for a number of Croatian exporters.

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Export Barriers for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: A Literature Review based on Leonidou’s Model

Cited by 51 publications

References 77 publications

Examining economic and technology‐related barriers of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises internationalisation: An emerging economy context

Examining economic and technology‐related barriers of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises internationalisation: An emerging economy context

International Strategy as the Facilitator of the Speed, Scope, and Scale of Firms’ Internationalization

E-business tools adoption and export performance: Empirical evidence from Croatian companies

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