Export of dissolved organic carbon from peatlands under elevated carbon dioxide levels

Freeman, Chris; Fenner, Nathalie; Ostle, Nicholas J.; Kang, Hojeong; Dowrick, David J.; Reynolds, B.; Lock, Maurice A.; Sleep, Darren; Hughes, Steven A.; Hudson, J.A.

doi:10.1038/nature02707

Cited by 571 publications

(431 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1 elevated CO 2 is an increase in labile carbon availability as a consequence of increased plant productivity and biomass (Megonigal et al 1999(Megonigal et al , 2004Vann and Megonigal 2003;Cheng et al 2006). Elevated CO 2 has been shown to increase DOC export from peatland systems (Freeman et al 2004;Fenner et al 2007a) as a result of increased DOC from recent plant productivity (Fenner et al 2007b). In this brackish system, a similar mechanism may explain observed increases in rates of sulfate reduction.…”

Section: Anaerobic Heterotrophic Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 82%

Elevated CO2 affects porewater chemistry in a brackish marsh

et al. 2009

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As atmospheric CO 2 concentrations continue to rise and impact plant communities, concomitant shifts in belowground microbial processes are likely, but poorly understood. We measured monthly porewater concentrations of sulfate, sulfide, methane (CH 4 ), dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved organic carbon over a 5-year period in a brackish marsh. Samples were collected using porewater wells (i.e., sippers) in a Schoenoplectus americanus-dominated (C 3 sedge) community, a Spartina patensdominated (C 4 grass) community and a mixed (C 3 and C 4 ) community within the marsh. Plant communities were exposed to ambient and elevated (ambient ? 340 ppm) CO 2 levels for 15 years prior to porewater sampling, and the treatments continued over the course of our sampling. Sulfate reduction was stimulated by elevated CO 2 in the C 3 -dominated community, but not in the C 4 -dominated community. Elevated CO 2 also resulted in higher porewater concentrations of CH 4 and dissolved organic carbon in the C 3 -dominated system, though inhibition of CH 4 production by sulfate reduction appears to temper the porewater CH 4 response. These patterns mirror the typical divergent responses of C 3 and C 4 plants to elevated CO 2 seen in this ecosystem. Porewater concentrations of nitrogen (as ammonium) and phosphorus did not decrease despite increased plant biomass in the C 3 -dominated community, suggesting nutrients do not strongly limit the sustained vegetation response to elevated CO 2 . Overall, our data demonstrate that elevated CO 2 drives changes in porewater chemistry and suggest that increased plant productivity likely stimulates microbial decomposition through increases in dissolved organic carbon availability.

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Section: Anaerobic Heterotrophic Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 82%

Elevated CO2 affects porewater chemistry in a brackish marsh

et al. 2009

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“…YS and OS responded equally to warming and oxidizing, with OS still responsible for a large part (70.3%, 71.4% and 65.9% respectively for CO 2 in condition of 8°C-AE, 18°C-AN and 18°C-AE; 64%, 64.8% and 70.6% for DOC at the same condition) of the total increase in Rs. With climate warming and oxidizing, most peatland carbon pools may become destabilized, releasing their stored carbon to the atmosphere in CO 2 or to rivers in DOC (Freeman et al, 2001a;Freeman et al, 2004;Moore and Basiliko, 2006;Pastor et al, 2003). Aged carbon exporting DOC to rivers is receiving increasing attentions (Butman et al, 2015;Marwick et al, 2015).…”

Section: Variations Among the Whole Depth Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of peat carbon at different depths to simulated warming and oxidizing

Liu

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Indeed, understanding the changes in pore water, which is in direct contact to the peat, might help e.g. to explain the apparently contradictory results from studies exploring the effects of drainage and landuse on increased riverine DOC around northern hemisphere (Freeman et al 2004;Huotari et al 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Kareksela

Haapalehto

Juutinen

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Esitetään Jyväskylän yliopiston matemaattis-luonnontieteellisen tiedekunnan suostumuksella julkisesti tarkastettavaksi yliopiston vanhassa juhlasalissa S212 maaliskuun 28. päivänä 2014 kello 12.Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by permission of the Faculty of Mathematics and Science of the University of Jyväskylä, in building Seminarium, auditorium S212, on March 28, 2014 at 12 o'clock noon. The wide and rapidly increasing human land use has caused extensive degradation of natural landscapes, extinctions of species and loss of ecosystem functions and services. Subsequently, ecological restoration has been raised to a major global strategy for safeguarding ecosystem values. However, concerns have been raised on the real potential of restoration to re-establish ecosystem structures and functions. Here, I studied the effects of ecological restoration on the structure and functions of forestry drained boreal peatland ecosystems in southern Finland. To better understand structural and functional changes, the effects of drainage and restoration on water table level, pore water chemistry and peat chemistry were explored as well. Drainage lowered the water table and induced changes in pore water chemistry and plant community composition. Drainage retarded the accumulation of surface peat and resulted in significant reduction in the sequestration of carbon therein. Re-establishment of water table level and significant recovery of pore water and surface peat chemistry were observed after restoration. Restoration induced the recovery of ecosystem structure i.e. plant community composition towards the target. The recovery was dependent on the within-site degree of ecosystem degradation. The original ecosystem structure was not needed for the re-establishment of important peatland ecosystem functionality in terms of surface peat accumulation. However, a more profound recovery of structure and conditions may be needed for some other functions like surface peat carbon sequestration to recover. Overall, my results are promising from the perspective of restoration. However, they highlight the need for patience in drawing conclusions on the effectiveness of restoration. Practitioners should also be prepared for temporarily increased leaching of nutrients into downstream water courses. UNIVERSITY

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Export of dissolved organic carbon from peatlands under elevated carbon dioxide levels

Cited by 571 publications

References 29 publications

Elevated CO2 affects porewater chemistry in a brackish marsh

Elevated CO2 affects porewater chemistry in a brackish marsh

Responses of peat carbon at different depths to simulated warming and oxidizing

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

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