Exposure and cancer risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the street dust of Asansol city, India

Gope, Manash; Masto, Reginald Ebhin; George, Jino; Balachandran, S.

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2018.01.006

Cited by 118 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…2a). As already mentioned during winter, meteorological conditions like shorter daylight periods, low temperature, low volatilization, lower atmospheric mixing height, reduced vertical dispersion due to thermal inversion, increased use of heaters, enhanced sorption to particles at lower temperature and low photochemical reactivity of PAHs would increase PAHs content during winter (Baalbaki et al, 2018;Gope, Masto, George, & Balachandran, 2018;Liu, Cheng, Ou et al, 2007;Periera-Netto, Krauss, Cunha, & Rego, 2006). Nonetheless, this is not the case everywhere and depends on many other factors.…”

Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Street Dustmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…For example, in the current study, heating devices are not frequently used and the weather is not that cold in winter. It was also found that PAHs concentration during monsoon season is lower than summer because the heavy washout and runoff can wash street dust and their adsorbed PAHs (Gope et al, 2018). Therefore, rainfall and runoff can be important for washing street dust in the winter, rather than PAHs themselves.…”

Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Street Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Source identification of total petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM10 and street dust of a hot spot for petrochemical production: Asaluyeh County, Iran

Abbasi

Keshavarzi

2019

Sustainable Cities and Society

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Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are important pollutants that affect public health in urban areas, especially in developing and oil-rich countries such as Iran. This assesses the relationship between TPH and PAHs in street dust and suspended dust, and investigates toxicity level in the urban environment of the most important petrochemical center in Iran. For this purpose, 21 and 48 street dust samples were collected for TPH analysis and PAH analysis, respectively, in Asaluyeh County. Moreover, seven air dust samples were taken for PAH analysis. TPH concentrations ranged between 240 and 4400 mg kg −1 , with a mean of 1371.43 mg kg −1 . The maximum ∑PAH concentration (6016.3 mg kg −1 ) was detected in a petrochemical complex while the minimum ∑PAHs content (16.93 mg kg −1 ) was measured in an urban area. The mean concentrations of total PAHs in street dust particles were 491.35 mg kg −1 in summer and 304.04 mg kg −1 in winter. The results indicated that PAH concentration in summer was higher. PAH sources were identified using both PAHs ratios and robust statistical methods such as Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), backward GEE, logistic regression, principal components analysis (PCA) in conjunction with multiple linear regression (MLR) and positive matrix factorization (PMF). The results showed that PAH species generally originate from pyrogenic sources and about 0.08% of TPH was typically PAHs. However, petrogenic sources of PAHs in the industrial areas were 11.2 times more abundant than in urban areas. Also, backward GEE model demonstrated that TPH is more influenced by HMW PAHs, particularly indene. Estimated incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was higher than 10 -4 , showing that Asaluyeh inhabitants (especially children and indoor workers) are probably exposed to cancer risk, particularly through dermal contact and dust ingestion.

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Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Street Dustmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Street Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source identification of total petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM10 and street dust of a hot spot for petrochemical production: Asaluyeh County, Iran

Abbasi

Keshavarzi

2019

Sustainable Cities and Society

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“…To evaluate the health risk assessment for children and adults exposed to PAHs in surface street dust, the USEPA standard models (residential scenario) [8,44,[65][66][67] (2)…”

Section: Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (Ilcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carcinogenic risk = ILCR + ILCR + ILCR (5) where the ILCR is incremental lifetime cancer risk, CS the concentration of the PAH compounds in surface street dust based on toxic equivalent of BaP using the TEF, CSF the carcinogenic slope factor (mg/kg/day), BW the body weight (kg), AT the average life span (years), EF the exposure frequency (day/year), ED the exposure duration (years), IRInhalation the inhalation rate (m 3 /day), IRIngestion the soil intake rate (mg/day), SA the dermal surface exposure (cm 2 ), AF the dermal adherence factor (mg/cm 2 /h), ABS the dermal adsorption fraction and PEF the particle emission factor (m 3 /kg). PEF is the particle emission factor (m 3 /kg) [8,44,67]. The detailed description about the values of exposure factors for children and adults applied to the above models (Eqs.…”

Section: Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (Ilcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct inhalation of fine dust by people traversing the streets and those residing in the vicinity, ingestion through hand-to-mouth, eating poorly washed fruits and vegetables, and dermal exposure are the routes of human exposure to road dust [9][10][11]. Chemical composition of road dust can be used as an indicator for environmental pollution [12], a valuable medium for characterizing urban environmental quality [13], and exposure health risk assessment [8,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Street Dust - Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Saudi Coastal City: Status, Profile, Sources, and Human Health Risk Assessment

Shabbaj¹,

Alghamdi²,

Khoder³

2018

Preprint

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust pose a serious problem threatening both environment and human health. Street dust were collected from five different land use patterns (traffic areas TRA, urban area URA, residential areas REA, mixed residential commercial areas MCRA and suburban areas SUA) in a Saudi coastal city, Jeddah, and one in rural area (RUA) in Hada Al Sham. This study aimed to investigate the status, profile, sources of PAHs and estimate their human health risk. The results revealed an average concentration of total PAHs of 3320 ng/g in street dust of Jeddah and 223 ng/g in RUA dust. PAHs with high molecular weight represented 83.38% of total PAHs in street dust of Jeddah, while the carcinogenic PAH compounds accounted 57.84%. The highest average concentration of total PAHs in street dust of Jeddah was found in TRA (4980 ng/g) and the lowest in REA (1660 ng/g). PAHs ratios indicated that the principal source of PAHs in street dust of Jeddah is pyrogenic, mainly traffic emission. Benzo(a)anthracene/ chrysene (BaA/CHR) ratio suggests that PAHs in street dusts of Jeddah come mainly from emission of local sources, while PAHs in RUA might be transported from the surrounding urban areas. The estimated Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) associated with exposure to PAHs in street dusts indicated that both dermal contact and ingestion pathways are major contributed to cancer risk for both children and adults. Based on BaPequivalence concentrations of total PAHs, ILCRIngestion, ILCRdermal and cancer risk values for children and adults exposed to PAHs in street dust of different areas in Jeddah were found between 10−6 and 10−4, indicating potential risk. The sequence of cancer risk was TRA > URA > MCRA > SUA > REA. Only exposure to BaP and DBA compounds had potential risk for both children and adults.

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Soils of Zhengzhou City, China: Occurrence, Source and Human Health Evaluation

Zhang

Wang

Bao

et al. 2020

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Exposure and cancer risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the street dust of Asansol city, India

Cited by 118 publications

References 47 publications

Source identification of total petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM10 and street dust of a hot spot for petrochemical production: Asaluyeh County, Iran

Source identification of total petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM10 and street dust of a hot spot for petrochemical production: Asaluyeh County, Iran

Street Dust - Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Saudi Coastal City: Status, Profile, Sources, and Human Health Risk Assessment

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Soils of Zhengzhou City, China: Occurrence, Source and Human Health Evaluation

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