Exposure to point‐of‐sale displays and changes in susceptibility to smoking: findings from a cohort study of school students

Bogdanovica, Ilze; Szatkowski, Lisa; McNeill, Ann; Spanopoulos, Dionysis; Britton, John

doi:10.1111/add.12826

Cited by 32 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…for effect size calculation; sample sizes, p -values and confidence intervals for standard error calculation); studies were excluded if effect size information or standard errors (e.g., Bogdanovica, Szatkowski, McNeill, Spanopoulos, & Britton, 2015; Morgenstern et al, 2013; Patton et al, 1998) could not be obtained or calculated and was not supplied by authors upon request. 3 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of peer behavior as a function of social and cultural closeness: A meta-analysis of normative influence on adolescent smoking initiation and continuation.

Liu¹,

Zhao²,

Chen

et al. 2017

Psychological Bulletin

120

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Although the influence of peers on adolescent smoking should vary depending on social dynamics, there is a lack of understanding of which elements are most crucial and how this dynamic unfolds for smoking initiation and continuation across areas of the world. The present meta-analysis included 75 studies yielding 237 effect sizes that examined associations between peers’ smoking and adolescent smoking initiation and continuation with longitudinal designs across 16 countries. Mixed-effects models with robust variance estimates were used to calculate weighted-mean odds ratios. This work showed that having peers who smoke is associated with about twice the odds of adolescents beginning ( trueOR¯ = 1.96, 95% CI [1.76, 2.19]) and continuing to smoke ( trueOR¯ = 1.78, 95% CI [1.55, 2.05]). Moderator analyses revealed that (a) smoking initiation was more positively correlated with peers’ smoking when the interpersonal closeness between adolescents and their peers was higher (versus lower); and (b) both smoking initiation and continuation were more positively correlated with peers’ smoking when samples were from collectivistic (versus individualistic) cultures. Thus, both individual as well as population level dynamics play a critical role in the strength of peer influence. Accounting for cultural variables may be especially important given effects on both initiation and continuation. Implications for theory, research, and anti-smoking intervention strategies are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of peer behavior as a function of social and cultural closeness: A meta-analysis of normative influence on adolescent smoking initiation and continuation.

Liu¹,

Zhao²,

Chen

et al. 2017

Psychological Bulletin

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Exposure to advertising at the point of sale (POS) was assessed with two questions on how often students went to stores that sell cigarettes near their schools or further away. 6 In both countries, POS pack displays are the only marketing allowed, making them the primary venue for tobacco advertising exposure. Students who answered “often” or “very often” to either question were classified as exposed at POS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7,8,9 A 3-item susceptibility measure was developed in the early 1990s based on two key domains: intentions (e.g “Do you think that you will try a cigarette soon? “Do you think you will be smoking cigarettes one year from now?”) and expectations for future smoking behavior (e.g., “If one of your best friends were to offer you a cigarette, would you smoke it?”).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking susceptibility as a predictive measure of cigarette and e-cigarette use among early adolescents

et al. 2018

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Objective: To assess the validity of a standard measure of smoking susceptibility for predicting cigarette and e-cigarette use in a sample of early adolescents in Argentina and Mexico. Methods: A school-based longitudinal survey was conducted in 2014–16 among secondary students. We analyzed students who were never smokers of regular cigarettes or e-cigarettes at baseline and completed both surveys. The main independent variable was smoking susceptibility. Multilevel logistic regression models were used, adjusting for sociodemographic and personal variables, social network use of cigarettes and exposure to advertising. Results: In the adjusted analysis, smoking susceptibility independently predicted cigarette initiation (Argentina: AOR 2.28; 95% CI 1.66–3.14; Mexico: AOR 2.07; 95% CI 1.74–2.45) and current smoking (Argentina: AOR 3.61; 95% CI 2.48–5.24; Mexico: AOR 1.69; 95% CI 1.29–2.22); however, it only predicted e-cigarette initiation in Mexico (Mexico: AOR 1.29; 95% CI 1.02–1.63). Conclusion: Smoking susceptibility was a valid measure to predict future cigarette smoking in this sample.

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“…The primary aim of this survey was to evaluate changes in young people's smoking behaviour following the introduction of point-of-sale tobacco display legislation. 12,61 By mid-2013 data were available on current smoking and susceptibility to smoking in Year 7 and Year 8 for two successive cohorts of students (i.e. students who were in Year 7 in 2011 and Year 8 in 2012, and students who were in Year 7 in 2012 and Year 8 in 2013).…”

Section: Control Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of an intervention providing insight into the tobacco industry to prevent smoking uptake: a mixed-methods study

Szatkowski

Taylor

et al. 2016

Public Health Res

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Background: Smokers who start smoking at an early age are less likely to quit and more likely to die from their habit. Evidence from the US Truth® campaign suggests that interventions focusing on tobacco industry practices and ethics may be effective in preventing smoking uptake. Objectives: In an exploratory study, to develop, pilot and provide preliminary evidence of the acceptability and effectiveness of Operation Smoke Storm, a school-based intervention based on the premise of the Truth® campaign, to prevent smoking uptake. Design: Mixed-methods, non-randomised controlled study. Component 1 was delivered to Year 7 students, and student focus groups and teacher interviews were conducted to refine the lessons and to develop components 2 and 3. The revised Year 7 lessons and accompanying family booklet were delivered to new Year 7 students 1 year later in one school only; Year 8 students in both schools received the booster session. Setting and participants: Students in Years 7–8 (aged 11–13 years) in two UK schools. Intervention: A three-component intervention comprising (1) three 50-minute classroom-based sessions in Year 7 in which students acted as secret agents to uncover industry practices through videos, quizzes, discussions and presentations; (2) an accompanying family booklet containing activities designed to stimulate discussions about smoking between parents and students; and (3) a 1-hour interactive classroom-based booster session for Year 8 students, in which students learnt about tobacco marketing strategies from the perspectives of an industry executive, a marketing company and a health campaigner. Main outcome measures: Odds ratios to compare the self-reported prevalence of ever smoking and susceptibility to smoking in Year 8 students after the delivery of the booster session in study schools compared with students in local control schools. Qualitative data on acceptability of the intervention. Results: The combined prevalence of ever smoking and susceptibility increased from 18.2% in Year 7 to 33.8% in Year 8. After adjusting for confounders there was no significant difference in the odds of a Year 8 student in an intervention school being an ever smoker or susceptible never smoker compared with controls [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83 to 1.97; p = 0.263] and no significant difference in the odds of ever smoking (aOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.58; p = 0.549). Students mostly enjoyed the intervention and acquired new knowledge that appeared to strengthen their aversion to smoking. Teachers liked the ‘off-the-shelf’ nature of the resource, although they highlighted differences by academic ability in the extent to which students understood the messages being presented. Use of the family component was low but it was received positively by those parents who did engage with it. Limitations: Logistical difficulties meant that students’ responses in Year 7 and Year 8 could not be linked; however, baseline smoking behaviours differed little between intervention...

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Exposure to point‐of‐sale displays and changes in susceptibility to smoking: findings from a cohort study of school students

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

The influence of peer behavior as a function of social and cultural closeness: A meta-analysis of normative influence on adolescent smoking initiation and continuation.

The influence of peer behavior as a function of social and cultural closeness: A meta-analysis of normative influence on adolescent smoking initiation and continuation.

Smoking susceptibility as a predictive measure of cigarette and e-cigarette use among early adolescents

Development and evaluation of an intervention providing insight into the tobacco industry to prevent smoking uptake: a mixed-methods study

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