Exposures to uranium and arsenic alter intraepithelial and innate immune cells in the small intestine of male and female mice

Abstract

Human exposures to environmental metals, including uranium (U) and arsenic (As) are a global public health concern. Chronic exposures to U and As are linked to many adverse health effects including, immune suppression and autoimmunity. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is home to many

Uptake and Toxicity of Respirable Carbon-Rich Uranium-Bearing Particles: Insights into the Role of Particulates in Uranium Toxicity

“…A recent study noted U accumulation in Jurkat cells; however, accumulation did not induce cytotoxic effects . Medina et al reported significant immunotoxicity in the GI tract following chronic exposure to drinking water containing soluble U . In vitro studies on soluble U exposure in macrophages showed a significant decrease in cell viability and an induction of inflammatory responses (TNF-α secretion and MAPK activation) .…”

“…39 Medina et al reported significant immunotoxicity in the GI tract following chronic exposure to drinking water containing soluble U. 42 In vitro studies on soluble U exposure in macrophages showed a significant decrease in cell viability 43 and an induction of inflammatory responses (TNF-α secretion and MAPK activation). 44 Only a few studies have investigated the toxicity of U as particulates.…”

Prenatal arsenic exposure stymies gut butyrate production and enhances gut permeability in post natal life even in absence of arsenic deftly through miR122-Occludin pathway

“…Recent report showed arsenic treatment impairs distinct population of intestinal stromal cells and intraepithelial and innate immune cells (Kellett et al 2022) (Medina et al 2020). In conjunction, the histology of colon sections of pAs-mice showed infiltration of inflammatory cells and goblet cell hyperplasia.…”

The fate of inhaled uranium-containing particles upon clearance to gastrointestinal tract

“…2 The established maximum U contamination level in drinking water is 30 ppb. 3 Exposure to higher contamination levels can cause cardiovascular and neurological disorders, cancers, immunosuppression, and autoimmunity. [3][4][5][6] During exposure to depleted uranium, uranyl cation (UO 2 2+ ) binds to DNA in mammalian cells, forming a uranium-DNA (U-DNA) adduct that could cause mutations, thereby triggering a range of protein synthesis errors, some of which may lead to various cancers.…”

“…3 Exposure to higher contamination levels can cause cardiovascular and neurological disorders, cancers, immunosuppression, and autoimmunity. [3][4][5][6] During exposure to depleted uranium, uranyl cation (UO 2 2+ ) binds to DNA in mammalian cells, forming a uranium-DNA (U-DNA) adduct that could cause mutations, thereby triggering a range of protein synthesis errors, some of which may lead to various cancers. [7][8][9][10] A study on rat epithelial cells showed that uranium might induce signicant oxidative stress and a concomitant decrease in the anti-oxidative potential of lung tissues.…”