Expressing evaluative opinions: A position statement

Aitken, Colin; Berger, Charles E.H.; Buckleton, John; Champod, Christophe; Curran, James M.; Dawid, A. Philip; Evett, I.W.; Gill, Peter; González-Rodríguez, Joaquín; Jackson, G.; Kloosterman, A.; Lovelock, Tina; Lucy, David; Margot, Pierre; McKenna, Louise; Meuwly, Didier; Neumann, Cédric; Daéid, Niamh Nic; Nordgaard, Anders; Puch-Solis, Roberto; Rasmusson, Birgitta; Redmayne, Mike; Roberts, Paul; Robertson, Bernard; Roux, Claude; Sjerps, Marjan; Taroni, Franco; Tjin-A-Tsoi, Tjark; Vignaux, Georges; Willis, Sheila; Zadora, Grzegorz

doi:10.1016/j.scijus.2011.01.002

Cited by 100 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…. Now choosing u = v = 1 3 and r = 3 2 we find u + v = 1, for instance u = 3 7 and v = 4 7 or alternatively u = 4 7 and v = 3 7 . In these two cases Q A (L) takes different values.…”

Section: Proposition Kinetics For a 6 Element Proposition Space: Failmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…My preference for working with involutive meadows derives from a preference for working with equations and conditional equations over the explicit use of quantifiers which comes with the use of full first order logic. 3 Below decimal notation will be used freely under the assumption that 2 abbreviates 1 + 1 and so on. 4…”

Section: Probability Calculus On the Basis Of Involutive Meadowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B (E, ¬H) = l > (for a closed rational number expression l with 0 < l ≤ 1) is the message that the likelihood of evidence proposition E with respect to negated hypothesis proposition H is equal to l, 3. < (L 0 B (E, H) = l & L 0 B (E, ¬H) = l ) > (for closed rational number expressions l, l with 0 < l, l ≤ 1) is the message that the likelihood pair of evidence proposition E with respect to hypothesis proposition H is equal to (l, l ),…”

Section: < Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…al. [3] and Biedermann [14,15]. Independently of forensics, theory development concerning precise beliefs has advanced in different directions, for instance in Diaconis & Zabell [17], Bradley [16], Gyenis [21], and Yalcin [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2019

SACS

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Bayesian inference as applied in a legal setting is about belief transfer and involves a plurality of agents and communication protocols. A forensic expert (FE) may communicate to a trier of fact (TOF) first its value of a certain likelihood ratio with respect to FE's belief state as represented by a probability function on FE's proposition space. Subsequently FE communicates its recently acquired confirmation that a certain evidence proposition is true. Then TOF performs likelihood ratio transfer mediated reasoning thereby revising their own belief state. The logical principles involved in likelihood transfer mediated reasoning are discussed in a setting where probabilistic arithmetic is done within a meadow, and with Adams conditioning placed in a central role.

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“…. Now choosing u = v = 1 3 and r = 3 2 we find u + v = 1, for instance u = 3 7 and v = 4 7 or alternatively u = 4 7 and v = 3 7 . In these two cases Q A (L) takes different values.…”

Section: Proposition Kinetics For a 6 Element Proposition Space: Failmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Probability Calculus On the Basis Of Involutive Meadowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: < Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2019

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“…Practically all of this material is founded on a logical, probabilistic approach to the assessment of the probative value of scientific observations [9,10]. The PCAST report mentions this body of work only briefly and pays scant attention to its principles [11], which we list and explain briefly as follows.…”

Section: The Logical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding the way forward for forensic science in the US—A commentary on the PCAST report

Evett¹,

Berger

Buckleton

et al. 2017

Forensic Science International

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A recent report by the US President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST), (2016) has made a number of recommendations for the future development of forensic science. Whereas we all agree that there is much need for change, we find that the PCAST report recommendations are founded on serious misunderstandings. We explain the traditional forensic paradigms of match and identification and the more recent foundation of the logical approach to evidence evaluation. This forms the groundwork for exposing many sources of confusion in the PCAST report. We explain how the notion of treating the scientist as a black box and the assignment of evidential weight through error rates is overly restrictive and misconceived. Our own view sees inferential logic, the development of calibrated knowledge and understanding of scientists as the core of the advance of the profession.

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Training Forensic Practitioners in DNA Profiling

Carney

2017

Forensic Science Education and Training

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Expressing evaluative opinions: A position statement

Cited by 100 publications

References 0 publications

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Finding the way forward for forensic science in the US—A commentary on the PCAST report

Training Forensic Practitioners in DNA Profiling

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