Expression analysis of the auxin efflux carrier family in tomato fruit development

Nishio, Sogo; Moriguchi, Ryo; Ikeda, Hiroyasu; Takahashi, Hideki; Takahashi, Hideyuki; Fujii, Nobuharu; Guilfoyle, Tom J.; Kanahama, Koki; Kanayama, Yoshinori

doi:10.1007/s00425-010-1211-0

Cited by 45 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Concerning auxin, the data presented here point out that the specificity of the response to the hormone is higher in ES and LM, although the relationship between the overall HORMONOMETER (H) and ST data indicates that mesocarp is always more sensitive than the seed to the hormone. Taking into account that the presence of a viable seed is required for fruit set and development in peach [2], and that the overexpression of auxin biosynthetic genes in the ovary stimulates the parthenocarpic fruit development in several species [6], it may be hypothesized that the signal produced by the developing seed might be either the auxin itself exported to the fruit, as demonstrated in tomato [24], or a secondary messenger whose target at the fruit level includes a large subset of auxin-responsive genes. This is consistent with both the high specificity of the auxin response shown here in the early developing seed and the higher sensitivity to the hormone displayed by the mesocarp paralleled by a strong hormone response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microarray approach to identify genes involved in seed-pericarp cross-talk and development in peach

et al. 2011

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BackgroundField observations and a few physiological studies have demonstrated that peach embryogenesis and fruit development are tightly coupled. In fact, attempts to stimulate parthenocarpic fruit development by means of external tools have failed. Moreover, physiological disturbances during early embryo development lead to seed abortion and fruitlet abscission. Later in embryo development, the interactions between seed and fruit development become less strict. As there is limited genetic and molecular information about seed-pericarp cross-talk and development in peach, a massive gene approach based on the use of the μPEACH 1.0 array platform and quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to study this process.ResultsA comparative analysis of the transcription profiles conducted in seed and mesocarp (cv Fantasia) throughout different developmental stages (S1, S2, S3 and S4) evidenced that 455 genes are differentially expressed in seed and fruit. Among differentially expressed genes some were validated as markers in two subsequent years and in three different genotypes. Seed markers were a LTP1 (lipid transfer protein), a PR (pathogenesis-related) protein, a prunin and LEA (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) protein, for S1, S2, S3 and S4, respectively. Mesocarp markers were a RD22-like protein, a serin-carboxypeptidase, a senescence related protein and an Aux/IAA, for S1, S2, S3 and S4, respectively.The microarray data, analyzed by using the HORMONOMETER platform, allowed the identification of hormone-responsive genes, some of them putatively involved in seed-pericarp crosstalk. Results indicated that auxin, cytokinins, and gibberellins are good candidates, acting either directly (auxin) or indirectly as signals during early development, when the cross-talk is more active and vital for fruit set, whereas abscisic acid and ethylene may be involved later on.ConclusionsIn this research, genes were identified marking different phases of seed and mesocarp development. The selected genes behaved as good seed markers, while for mesocarp their reliability appeared to be dependent upon developmental and ripening traits. Regarding the cross-talk between seed and pericarp, possible candidate signals were identified among hormones.Further investigations relying upon the availability of whole genome platforms will allow the enrichment of a marker genes repertoire and the elucidation of players other than hormones that are involved in seed-pericarp cross-talk (i.e. hormone peptides and microRNAs).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microarray approach to identify genes involved in seed-pericarp cross-talk and development in peach

et al. 2011

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“…Changes in polar auxin transport and also in the expression of PINs genes during fruit growth have been reported [26, 30, 32] but signals underlying those changes remain unknown. IAA stimulates its own transport by inhibiting the endocytic step of PIN protein recycling [33] and by shaping actin filaments [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of polar auxin transport in grapevine fruitlets (Vitis vinifera L.) and the proposed role of auxin homeostasis during fruit abscission

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIndole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the most abundant auxin, is a growth promoter hormone involved in several developmental processes. Auxin homeostasis is very important to its function and this is achieved through the regulation of IAA biosynthesis, conjugation, degradation and transport. In grapevine, IAA plays an essential role during initial stages of berry development, since it delays fruitlet abscission by reducing the ethylene sensitivity in the abscission zone. For this reason, Continuous polar IAA transport to the pedicel is required. This kind of transport is controlled by IAA, which regulates its own movement by modifying the expression and localization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux facilitators that localize asymmetrically within the cell. On the other hand, the hormone gibberellin (GA) also activates the polar auxin transport by increasing PIN stability. In Vitis vinifera, fruitlet abscission occurs during the first two to three weeks after flowering. During this time, IAA and GA are present, however the role of these hormones in the control of polar auxin transport is unknown.ResultsIn this work, the use of radiolabeled IAA showed that auxin is basipetally transported during grapevine fruitlet abscission. This observation was further supported by immunolocalization of putative VvPIN proteins that display a basipetal distribution in pericarp cells. Polar auxin transport and transcripts of four putative VvPIN genes decreased in conjunction with increased abscission, and the inhibition of polar auxin transport resulted in fruit drop. GA3 and IAA treatments reduced polar auxin transport, but only GA3 treatment decreased VvPIN transcript abundance. When GA biosynthesis was blocked, IAA was capable to increase polar auxin transport, suggesting that its effect depends on GA content. Finally, we observed significant changes in the content of several IAA-related compounds during the abscission period.ConclusionsThese results provide evidence that auxin homeostasis plays a central role during grapevine initial fruit development and that GA and IAA controls auxin homeostasis by reducing polar auxin transport.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0914-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…However, auxin accumulation can be visualized using a reporter gene consisting of the auxin-inducible promoter with the β-glucuronidase gene (DR5::GUS). The use of this reporter gene showed that during the early stage of fruit development, auxin activity spreads to all of the fruit tissues and then unexpectedly localizes in the peduncle (Nishio et al, 2010). The expression patterns of the PIN family genes also appear to correspond with this auxin transport.…”

Section: Roles Of Proton Pumps Sugars and Auxin In Fruit Set And Eamentioning

confidence: 94%

Sugar Metabolism and Fruit Development in the Tomato

Kanayama¹

2017

The Hortic J

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Sugars are strongly related to fruit yield and quality, playing a critical role in fruit set, growth, ripening, and composition. The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is not only an important horticultural crop, but also a useful experimental model plant that can be used to further our understanding of fruit physiology. Therefore, in this review, we consider sugar metabolism and fruit development in the tomato. We begin by discussing how the sugar content of tomato fruit has been successfully increased in a tomato introgression line containing a chromosome segment from a wild relative, and how this has furthered our understanding of the mechanism controlling sugar content. We then outline current knowledge around how sugar sensing and signaling, proton pumps, and auxin affect sugar accumulation and fruit set. The prevention of fruit abscission by auxin, which is transported by PIN auxin efflux carriers and vacuolar proton phyrophosphatase (V-PPase), may retain sucrose transport to the fruit to inhibit programed cell death (PCD) and ensure successful fruit set. There is believed to be a trade-off between fruit sugar content and yield. However, fruit size and yield do not appear to decrease in the tomato introgression line IL8-3 and sucrose-induced repression of translation (SIRT)-engineered tomatoes, which contain higher fruit sugar contents. Future research needs to investigate the factors involved in sugar sensing and signaling, in addition to the sugar metabolic enzymes that have previously been studied for horticultural applications.

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Expression analysis of the auxin efflux carrier family in tomato fruit development

Cited by 45 publications

References 36 publications

A microarray approach to identify genes involved in seed-pericarp cross-talk and development in peach

A microarray approach to identify genes involved in seed-pericarp cross-talk and development in peach

Regulation of polar auxin transport in grapevine fruitlets (Vitis vinifera L.) and the proposed role of auxin homeostasis during fruit abscission

Sugar Metabolism and Fruit Development in the Tomato

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