Expression of a<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>Arabinomannan Antigen In Vitro and In Vivo

Schwebach, J. Reid; Casadevall, Arturo; Schneerson, Rachel; Dai, Zhongdong; Wang, Xiaojuan; Robbins, John B.; Glatman‐Freedman, Aharona

doi:10.1128/iai.69.9.5671-5678.2001

Cited by 39 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…␣-Glucans isolated from some other mycobacterial species (8) exhibited structural features similar to those determined for that of M. tuberculosis (9,10). These polysaccharides are also produced by intracellular tubercle bacilli (11) and have been shown to possess various biological properties. Among these an anti-neoplastic activity against superficial bladder cancer has been observed for the glucans isolated from the culture fluid of the Pasteur substrain of M. bovis BCG (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…This may explain the presence of 6-linked-␣-D-glucan in what was considered as polysaccharides purified from M. bovis BCG. Accordingly, the anti-tumor activity that has been found for the glucans isolated from the boiling water extract of the Tice strain of M. bovis BCG (7) would correspond to the anti-tumor activity subsequently described for the glucans produced by the Pasteur strain of M. bovis BCG (11), glucans that are shown herein to correspond to a glycogen-like polysaccharides. Construction of glycogen-like glucan-defective strains of M. tuberculosis and M. bovis are under progress; the analysis of the resulting mutant strains should definitely clarify the question of the production by mycobacteria of structurally different glucans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1B), with an apparent molecular mass of 100 kDa, and are composed of repeating units of 5-6 34-␣-D-glucosyl residues substituted at position 6 with short oligoglucosyl residues (9 -10). These polysaccharides are also produced by tubercle bacilli inside macrophages (11) and are involved in the nonopsonic binding of M. tuberculosis to mammalian cells through the complement receptor 3 (12). More importantly, polysaccharides with similar chromatographic behavior were purified from the Pasteur substrain of BCG and were shown to exhibit an anti-tumor activity against superficial bladder cancer (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Revisiting the Structure of the Anti-neoplastic Glucans of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin

Dinadayala

Lemassu

Granovski

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Gué rin (BCG), used worldwide to prevent tuberculosis and leprosy, is also clinically used as an immunotherapeutic agent against superficial bladder cancer. An anti-tumor polysaccharide has been isolated from the boiling water extract of the Tice substrain of BCG and tentatively characterized as consisting primarily of repeating units of 6-linked-glucosyl residues. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial species produce a glycogen-like ␣-glucan composed of repeating units of 4-linked glucosyl residues substituted at some 6 positions by short oligoglucosyl units that also exhibits an anti-tumor activity. Therefore, the impression prevails that mycobacteria synthesize different types of anti-neoplastic glucans or, alternatively, the BCG substrains are singular in producing a unique type of glucan that may confer to them their immunotherapeutic property. The present study addresses this question through the comparative analysis of ␣-glucans purified from the extracellular materials and boiling water extracts of three vaccine substrains. The polysaccharides were purified, and their structural features were established by mono-and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of the enzymatic and chemical degradation products of the purified compounds. The glucans isolated by the two methods from the three substrains of BCG were shown to exhibit identical structural features shared with the glycogen-like ␣-glucan of M. tuberculosis and other mycobacteria. Incidentally, we observed an occasional release of dextrans from Sephadex columns that may explain the reported occurrence of 6-substituted ␣-glucans in mycobacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting the Structure of the Anti-neoplastic Glucans of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin

Dinadayala

Lemassu

Granovski

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The exact localization and arrangement of these polysaccharides remain to be determined. Both glucan and AM were expressed in vivo and in vitro (5,6). It has been shown by immunoelectron microscopy that the AM is localized in the capsule (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a glycogen-like glucan with an estimated molecular mass of 100 kDa, a mannan, and an arabinomannan (AM) 5 (1). The exact localization and arrangement of these polysaccharides remain to be determined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsular Arabinomannans from Mycobacterium avium with Morphotype-specific Structural Differences but Identical Biological Activity

Wittkowski

Mittelstädt

Brandau

et al. 2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The capsules of two colony morphotypes of Mycobacterium avium strain 2151 were investigated, i.e. the virulent smoothtransparent (SmT1) and the nonvirulent smooth-opaque (SmO) types. From both morphotypes we separated a nonacylated arabinomannan (AM) from an acylated polysaccharide fraction by affinity chromatography, of which the AMs were structurally characterized. The AMs from the virulent morphotype, in contrast to that from the nonvirulent form, possessed a larger mannan chain and a shorter arabinan chain. Incubation of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and human dendritic cells showed that the acylated polysaccharide fractions were potent inducers of tumor necrosis factor-␣, interleukin-12, and interleukin-10 compared with nonacylated AMs, which led to only a marginal cytokine release. Further in vitro experiments showed that both the acylated polysaccharide fractions and the nonacylated AMs were able to induce in vitro anti-tumor cytotoxicity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Thus, morphotype-specific structural differences in the capsular AMs of M. avium do not correlate with biological activity; however, their acylation is a prerequisite for effective stimulation of murine macrophages and human dendritic cells.

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The survival of plant growth promoting microorganisms in peat inoculant as measured by selective plate counting and enzyme-linked immunoassay

Rose

Deaker

Potard

et al. 2010

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Achieving specific counting of plant growth promoting (PGP) microorganisms maintained at high numbers in inert carriers such as peat is an important objective for the inoculation of field crops such as cereals. In this paper, methods based on selective media together with strain-specific counting using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) were examined. Selective plate counting was developed by screening four commercial PGP biofertiliser strains for resistance to antibiotics. ELISAs for each strain were developed and calibrated by purifying polyclonal antibodies, testing sample pre-treatment strategies, and investigating the effect of culture age on standard curves. Selective plate counting proved to be more accurate than the ELISA methodology, confirming that all microbial strains survived for at least 1 month in sterile peat without loss in viable numbers, and further demonstrated growth inhibition of the strain Candida tropicalis HY when co-inoculated with the other strains Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 N, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens E19 and Bacillus subtilis B9. This is the first known study to have investigated the dynamics of PGP microorganisms in multi-strain inoculants and demonstrates the utility and hitherto unmentioned drawbacks of two different low-cost counting methods for biofertiliser quality control. Such information is vital for the adoption and success of non-rhizobial PGP biofertilisers for sustainable agriculture.

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Expression of aMycobacterium tuberculosisArabinomannan Antigen In Vitro and In Vivo

Abstract: The outermost layer of Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains two major polysaccharides, arabinomannan (AM) and glucan (GC). We studied the in vitro and in vivo expression of an M. tuberculosis AM antigen using monoclonal antibody (MAb) 9d8 (

Cited by 39 publications

References 32 publications

Revisiting the Structure of the Anti-neoplastic Glucans of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin

Revisiting the Structure of the Anti-neoplastic Glucans of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin

Capsular Arabinomannans from Mycobacterium avium with Morphotype-specific Structural Differences but Identical Biological Activity

The survival of plant growth promoting microorganisms in peat inoculant as measured by selective plate counting and enzyme-linked immunoassay

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