Expression of affect and physiological response in psychosomatic patients

Anderson, Cathy D.

doi:10.1016/0022-3999(81)90026-x

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Many of the symp toms of somatoform disorders can be ex plained as consequences of the physiological activity described in the section in psychoso matic syndromes; for example, endocrine changes during sympathetic adrenergic arous al, increase in striated muscle tension and smooth muscle activity changes in blood flow and the effects of overbreathing. Individuals have a characteristic pattern of physiological responses to stress [192], In patients who are morbidly anxious or complain primary of so matic symptoms, the symptoms correlate highly with physiological changes [193]. The evidence across studies is consistent.…”

Section: Boundaries O F Diagnostic Categoriessupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Whether an individual seeks treatment for his or her symptoms will be influenced by several factors [188][189][190][191][192], In several of the disorders described in previous sections, for example, in the irritable bowel syndrome, clustering, neurotic symptoms, and abnormal personality traits were predom inantly associated with 'patient status'. This term has been used by several authors to describe the symptoms of a self-selected group of people who sought treatment (as opposed to individuals with the same disorder who do not seek medical care).…”

Section: Boundaries O F Diagnostic Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychosomatic Syndromes, Somatization and Somatoform Disorders

Kellner¹

1994

Psychother Psychosom

111

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A psychosomatic syndrome is defined as a syndrome in which psychological processes play a substantial role in the etiology of the illness in some of the patients. The main conclusions on the extent of the biological and psychosocial contributions to several psychosomatic syndromes are presented and the relationship of these syndromes to somatization and somatoform disorders is discussed. The syndromes summarized include fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, motility disorders of the esophagus, nonulcer dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, urethral syndrome, behaviors causing disturbances of physiology, and some defined pain syndromes. The findings suggest that the extent of the biological and psychosocial contributions vary among these syndromes as well as among individuals with the same syndrome. In some syndromes the extent and nature of the biological contribution has not been established with certainty. There is evidence to suggest that many of the phenomena of the somatoform disorders are caused by clustering of psychosomatic syndromes or their incomplete or atypical manifestations and a low sensation threshold. The results of the controlled studies of various methods of psychotherapy and drug treatments of the psychosomatic syndromes are listed; these studies have practical implications because the adoption of these methods is likely to enhance the efficacy of the treatment of somatoform disorders.

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Section: Boundaries O F Diagnostic Categoriessupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Boundaries O F Diagnostic Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosomatic Syndromes, Somatization and Somatoform Disorders

Kellner¹

1994

Psychother Psychosom

111

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“…At an empirical level, while there is no direct evi dence, there is ample indirect evidence that cognitive and behavioral styles similar to those characteristic of alexithymia are associ ated with an aggravated physiological re sponse. In terms of the behavioral influence, low levels of naturally occurring overt emo tional expression (verbal and nonverbal) have been demonstrated to be associated with increased levels of physiological activi ty, particularly in response to stress [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Theoretical and Empirical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stress-Alexithymia Hypothesis: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations

Martin

Pihl²

1985

Psychother Psychosom

158

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An association has been noted between the presence of alexithymic characteristics and psychosomatic/stress-related illness. A hypothesis is presented here outlining the mechanisms through which stress and alexithymic characteristics contribute to the development of stress-related illness. This hypothesis, the stress-alexithymia hypothesis, is considered here in the context of stress research from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. From these considerations, it appears that the stress-alexithymia hypothesis does have a theoretical basis. Additionally, there is indirect empirical evidence supporting the proposed influence of alexithymic characteristics on the physiological stress response. It is suggested that future research should directly examine the influence of alexithymic characteristics on stress responding and use alexithymic characteristics heuristically to explore the role of affect in the illness process.

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“…The present study also emphasizes the importance of sender effects This IS compatible with otber applications of the social relations model to the analysis of dyads For example, m a reanalysis ofthe Lanzetta and Kleck (1970) study of nonverbal communication accuracy, Kenny and La Voie (1984) found 49% ofthe variance to be attributable to sender effects and 51% to tbe unique relationsbip and/or error No variance was attnbutable to receiver effects Similarly, m a reanalysis of a study employing the encoding and decodmg of posed expressions (Goldenthal, 1981), Kenny and La Voie (1984) found 44% of the variance attributable to sender effects, 2% to receiver effects and 54% to tbe unique relationship and/or error Kenny and La Voie (1984) point out that, although the social relations model suggests that sender effects are critically important, there has been relatively little research on what makes people good senders The available evidence suggests that sending accuracy is based upon a combination of temperamental factors and social learning (Buck, 1979) Also, there is evidence that individual differences m sending accuracy are related to psychophysiological responding m a manner descnbed by the externalizmg-mtemalizing distinction 0ones, 1950) expressive persons tend to have smaller skm conductance and heart rate responses to emotionally loaded slides and shocks than do nonexpressive persons (Buck, 1979, Buck et al , 1974, Lanzetta and Kleck, 1970 This has important lmphcations for behavioral medicine, for there is increasing evidence that an inability to express emotion (termed alexithymia, or "no words for mood") is associated with the etiologv of a vanety of stress-related diseases (cf Sifheos, 1983, Anderson, 1981…”

Section: Sabateili Etalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A social relations analysis of nonverbal communication accuracy in married couples

Sabatelli¹,

Buck²,

Kenny³

1986

Journal of Personality

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This paper presents a reanalysis of a study (Sabatelli, Buck, & Drever, 1982) that related nonverbal communication accuracy in married couples to mantal complaints, using the social relations model developed by Kenny and his colleagues The social relations model allows for the analysis ofthe communication process in a new and more complete way where, for the first time, the relative contnbutions of sender, receiver, and unique relationship effects to overall nonverbal communication accuracy can be assessed In addition, each of these factors can be related to mantal complaints and the patterns of communication within dyads can be examined for the presence of complementarity/similarity and reciprocity/compensation The overwhelming percentage of variance in communication accuracy was accounted for bv sender and unique relationship effects while little vanance m communication accuracy was accounted for bv receiver effects In addition, no evidence of complementanty/similaritv and only weak support for reciprocity/compensation m the communication abilities of wife and husband was found With regard to mantal complaints, the most striking result was the negative correlation between wives' sending abihtv and husbands' complaints, a findmg consistent with the previous report In addition, and consistent with the former analysis, the wives' unique abilities to decode their husbands' expressions were found to correlate negativelv with the wives' marital complaints

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Expression of affect and physiological response in psychosomatic patients

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Psychosomatic Syndromes, Somatization and Somatoform Disorders

Psychosomatic Syndromes, Somatization and Somatoform Disorders

The Stress-Alexithymia Hypothesis: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations

A social relations analysis of nonverbal communication accuracy in married couples

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