Expression of Antimicrobial Peptide Genes in the Canine Amniotic Membrane

Abstract

The human amniotic membrane has been successfully used in human ocular reconstruction. Several studies have demonstrated its properties, including antimicrobial features. As a result of the restricted availability of human amniotic membrane for veterinary use, canine amniotic membrane has become an attractive alternative. Clinical studies of the application of canine amniotic membrane in animals and the understanding of its biological properties are limited. This study aimed to determine the expression of peptide genes of natural antimicrobials in canine amniotic membrane. Expressions of canine β-defensin 1, 102, and 103, and canine Elafin were determined in healthy puppies by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Canine β-defensin 1, 103, and Elafin were expressed in all samples, possibly suggesting a role in the innate immune system of normal canine amniotic membrane. Further investigations of protein expression and localization are recommended.

Canine umbilical cord tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells naturally express some of the antimicrobial peptides

“…The expression of BD family genes cBD 1, cBD 102, cBD 103 etc. have been observed in canine amniotic membrane, skin, trachea and testis (Lohajaroensub et al 2022). However, in our study with canine umbilical cord derived MSC we did not nd any expression of BD family genes.…”

Amnion-derived hydrogels as a versatile platform for regenerative therapy: from lab to market

“…The epithelial cells of AM can secrete AMPs, such as β-defensin 1-3 (HBD 1–3), LL37, histone H2B, and elafin which are helpful in the management of wound infection ( Kim et al, 2002 ; Tehrani et al, 2013 ). The elastase inhibitors expressed by AM, including elafin and SLPI proteins that contain Whey acidic peptide (WAP) motifs, are also responsible for anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties ( Mohan et al, 2017 ; Tehrani et al, 2017 ; Lohajaroensub et al, 2022 ). Moreover, the AM contains various AMPs, including human neutrophil peptides 1-3, calprotectin (MRP8/14), lysozyme, and ubiquitin that exhibit antimicrobial function ( Kim et al, 2007 ).…”

Enhanced In Vitro Expression of Filaggrin and Antimicrobial Peptides Following Application of Glycosaminoglycans and a Sphingomyelin-Rich Lipid Extract

“…AMPs also modulate innate and adaptive immune responses. In the skin of atopic dogs and people, there is an alteration in the expression of AMPs, including β-defensins and cathelicidins [ 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. More specifically, in people, lower concentrations of the AMP human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) have been reported in skin atopic patients, and a deficiency in AMP has been reported as a potential reason explaining the susceptibility to bacterial skin infection in these patients [ 27 ].…”