Expression of fasciation mutation in apical Meristems of Soybean, Glycine Max (Leguminosae)

Abstract

The phenotype of the apical meristem was used to examine the effect of fasciation mutation at the f locus in different genetic backgrounds in soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. Comparisons of meristem development in fasciation mutant and wild type were conducted with scanning electron microscope (SEM) on isogenic lines BARC-11-11-ff and BARC-11-11-FF at postgermination and early vegetative stages. Studies of apical meristems of three independently originated fasciation mutants, PI 83945-4, PI 243541, and T173, were carried out at vegetative and early floral transition stages. Corolla Fasciation, the extreme mutant phenotype, was used for comparison of meristem development. Enlargement of the apical meristem and shortened plastochron were observed in the mutant lines 2 d after germination. Similar to Corolla Fasciation, in PI 83945-4, PI 243541, and T173, enlargement of the apical meristem was followed by growth along one axis at the V3 stage and establishment of a ridge-like meristem at the V4 stage. Influence of pedigree on the expression of the fasciation phenotype was demonstrated by different growth patterns (subangular vs. ridge-like) of the apical meristem in BARC-11-11-ff and PI 243541 with the same f gene. During transition of the apical meristem from vegetative to reproductive stage in all mutant lines further production of leaf primordia ceased. The developmental pattern of the apical meristems suggests that the f locus may have the same allele in fasciation mutants of independent origin in soybean.

Morphological characteristics and shoot regeneration potential of the fasciated rhizome of Cymbidium kanran Makino.

“…2-A) as observed in fasciated soy bean (Tang et al 1997). Epidermal cells, stomates and rhizoids in the fasciated rhizome were similarly orientated towards the base (Fig.…”

Pod Dehiscence in Relation to Pod Position and Moisture Content in Soybean

“…Seventy percent of the pods are located at the top of the main stem in fasciated soybean (Wongyai et al, 1984). The soybean fasciation trait is controlled by a single recessive gene (White, 1945;Albertsen et al, 1983;Wongyai et al, 1984;Leffel, et al, 1993;Tang and Skorupska, 1997). In both normal and fasciated subtypes of determinate-type soybeans, the fl owering duration is shorter than that in the indeterminate type (Yoshida et al, 1983;Foley et al, 1986;Saitoh et al, 1998).…”

Genetic and molecular analysis of fasciation mutation in Japanese soybeans

“…Moreover mapping analyses of the fasciation locus performed here as well as in a previous study (Karakaya et al 2002) showed that the fasciation genes originating from Shakujodaizu, Taikadaizu and Shakujomame were probably identical. Morphological and agrobiological characteristics have been well evaluated in several studies (Albertsen et al 1983, Tang and Skorupska 1997, Tang and Knap 1998, Wongyai et al 1984. The morphological changes on the shoot apical meristem (SAM) did not result from fusion of two or more meristems but were caused by enlargement, followed by growth along one axis or sub-angular growth of a single apical meristem (Tang and Skorupska 1997).…”

“…Morphological and agrobiological characteristics have been well evaluated in several studies (Albertsen et al 1983, Tang and Skorupska 1997, Tang and Knap 1998, Wongyai et al 1984. The morphological changes on the shoot apical meristem (SAM) did not result from fusion of two or more meristems but were caused by enlargement, followed by growth along one axis or sub-angular growth of a single apical meristem (Tang and Skorupska 1997). Soybean varieties with fasciation showed a wide variation in the degree of stem fasciation with a noticeably different pattern of pod setting pattern (Wongyai et al 1984).…”

“…Soybean varieties with fasciation showed a wide variation in the degree of stem fasciation with a noticeably different pattern of pod setting pattern (Wongyai et al 1984). Moreover, the phenotype of the fasciation mutant was complicated by incomplete penetrance and expressivity, which made it difficult to define allelic differences based on the mutant phenotype (Tang and Skorupska 1997). In our experiments, the fasciation phenotype in the F 2 population widely varied in the field, whereas the degree of morphological change decreased as observed in the greenhouse under SD conditions.…”