Expression of myelin basic protein gene in the developing rat brain as revealed by in situ hybridization.

Kristensson, Krister; Zeller, N. K.; Dubois-Dalcq, M.; Lazzarini, R. A.

doi:10.1177/34.4.2419396

Cited by 71 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In this study, 1-2-kb cDNAs were labeled with digoxigenin using the random primer method, whereas riboprobes and partial cDNA clones were radiolabeled and used in most other studies examining glial gene expression (e.g., Kristensson et al 1986). The combination of several different factors, including the labeling method and the use of perfused material, all probably contribute to making the nonradioactive in situ hybridization as sensitive as the radioactive method for detecting glia-specific messages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem makes identification and quantification of astrocytes in the gray matter troublesome. In the late 1980s, in situ hybridization using astrocyte-and oligodendrocyte-specific probes began to replace immunocytochemistry (e.g., Kristensson et al 1986;Verity and Campagnoni 1988). Although in situ hybridization using radioactively labeled probes is adequate for certain studies of myelin gene expression, the low resolution of autoradiographic film or the random presence of silver grains from autoradiographic emulsion makes it difficult to identify cells with low levels of message and to quantify the number of labeled cells in the developing CNS.…”

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confidence: 99%

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High-resolution In Situ Hybridization and TUNEL Staining with Free-floating Brain Sections

Bessert

Skoff

1999

J Histochem Cytochem.

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SUMMARYWe applied in situ hybridization and the TUNEL technique to free-floating (vibratomed) sections of embryonic and postnatal mouse CNS. Full-length cDNAs specific for oligodendrocyte-or astrocyte-specific genes were labeled with digoxigenin using the random primer method. With paraformaldehyde-fixed sections, the nonradioactive in situ hybridization method provides detection of individual, very small glial progenitor cells in embryonic development. Small, isolated cells expressing oligodendrocyte specific messages can be detected in the neuroepithelium at embryonic and postnatal stages. The technique can be completed within 3 days and is as sensitive as the radioactive method. Likewise, the TUNEL method using DAB as the chromogen on free-floating sections provides excellent resolution. These DAB-stained sections can be embedded in plastic and thin-sectioned to visualize the ultrastructure of apoptotic cells. Both in situ hybridization and TUNEL methods can be applied to the same section, the tissue embedded in plastic, and semithin sections cut. The high resolution obtained with this combined procedure makes it possible to determine whether brain cells expressing glia-specific messages are undergoing apoptosis. Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes comprise the macroglia of the central nervous sytstem (CNS). These cells are considerably smaller than neurons, being on the order of 10-20 m (Raine 1989). Oligodendrocytes are generally smaller than astrocytes in mature CNS. In developing CNS, the cell bodies of both cell types are in the range of 5-10 m.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution In Situ Hybridization and TUNEL Staining with Free-floating Brain Sections

Bessert

Skoff

1999

J Histochem Cytochem.

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“…cDNA probes for ID-I, cGSHPx, phGSHPx and 18S rRNA were as described previously (Mitchell et al 1996). The 2·21 kb MBP cDNA was kindly provided by Dr Robert Lazzarini, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine (Kristensson et al 1986). The partial BDNF clone was provided by Dr Lisa Monteggia, Abbott Laboratories, IL, USA (Giordano et al 1992).…”

Section: Northern Blot Hybridisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, we examined the effects of concurrent selenium and iodine deficiencies on adult rats and their offspring at different postnatal ages to determine development of the ability of preweanling rats to retain thyroid hormone metabolism and function. We also assessed brain developmental biochemistry of pups of selenium-and iodine-deficient rats by the expression of the brain-derived nerve growth factor (BDNF) (Leibrock et al 1989) and the myelination marker, myelin basic protein (MBP) (Kristensson et al 1986). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenoprotein expression and brain development in preweanling selenium- and iodine-deficient rats

Mitchell¹,

Nicol²,

Beckett³

et al. 1998

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Selenium deficiency causes further impairment of thyroid hormone metabolism in iodine-deficient rats and therefore could have a role in the aetiology of both myxoedematous and neurological cretinism in humans. Thyroidal type I iodothyronine deiodinase (ID-I), cytosolic glutathione peroxidase and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activities were increased in iodine-deficient adult rats and their offspring at 11 days of age. Thyroidal ID-I activity was unchanged and thyroidal cytosolic glutathione peroxidase activity was decreased by more than 75% by combined selenium and iodine deficiency in 11-day-old rats, indicating that, while the thyroid retained an ability to produce 3,3 ,5-triiodothyronine (T 3 ), the gland was probably more susceptible to peroxidative damage caused by increased hydrogen peroxide concentrations driven by increased thyrotrophin. Thyroidal atrophy, common in myxoedematous cretinism, did not occur in iodine-or selenium and iodine-deficient rat pups. Iodine deficiency increased brain type II iodothyronine deiodinase activity 1·5-fold in 4-dayold rats and 3-fold in 11-day-old rats, regardless of selenium status. Thus rats were able to activate compensatory mechanisms in brain that would maintain T 3 concentrations in selenium and iodine deficiencies. Surprisingly, however, selenium deficiency had a greater effect than iodine deficiency on markers of brain development in rat pups. Expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA was decreased in selenium deficiency in 4-and 11-day-old pups and in combined selenium and iodine deficiency in 4-day-old pups. Iodine deficiency caused an increase in BDNF expression in 11-day-old pups but had no effect on 4-day-old pups. Myelin basic protein mRNA expression in brain was decreased by combined selenium and iodine deficiency in 11-day-old rats.

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“…The temporal and spatial characteristics of oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin formation have been extensively studied using different approaches and animal models (Akiyama et al, 2002;Dixon and Eng, 1984;Kristensson et al, 1986;Reynolds and Wilkin, 1988;Skoff et al, 1976;Skoff et al, 1980;Trapp et al, 1987). Thus, it has been proposed that myelination proceeds in a strictly rostrocaudal direction in the CNS, with the exception of the dorsal spinal cord, where myelination starts first in the cervical enlargement and continues in both rostral and caudal directions (Foran and Peterson, 1992).…”

Section: Myelination In the Cerebellummentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligodendrocyte ablation impairs cerebellum development

2003

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Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the glial cells of the central nervous system and are classically known to form myelin sheaths around most axons of higher vertebrates. Whether these cells might have other roles, in particular during development, has not been studied. Taking advantage of a transgenic mouse model in which OLs can be selectively killed in a desired time-frame, we have investigated the impact of OL ablation on cerebellar development. OL ablation was induced during the first 3 postnatal weeks, a time at which cerebellum development is ongoing. Strikingly, OL ablation triggers a profound perturbation of the known cerebellum developmental program, characterized by the disorganization of the cortical layers, abnormal foliation and a complete alteration of Purkinje cell dendritic arborization and axonal fasciculation. This phenotype is accompained by decreased granule cell density, a disorganized Bergmann glia network and impaired migration of interneurons in the molecular layer. These results demonstrate a previously ignored role of OLs in the formation of the cerebellar cytoarchitecture.

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Expression of myelin basic protein gene in the developing rat brain as revealed by in situ hybridization.

Cited by 71 publications

References 9 publications

High-resolution In Situ Hybridization and TUNEL Staining with Free-floating Brain Sections

High-resolution In Situ Hybridization and TUNEL Staining with Free-floating Brain Sections

Selenoprotein expression and brain development in preweanling selenium- and iodine-deficient rats

Oligodendrocyte ablation impairs cerebellum development

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