Expression of yeast SOD2 in transgenic rice results in increased salt tolerance

Zhao, Fangming; Guo, Shanli; Zhang, Hui; Zhao, Yanxiu

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.08.017

Cited by 101 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This result is correlated with the relative electrolyte leakage data. Our result is consistent with several studies showing increased scavenging of ROS by transgene expression and maintaining increased membrane stability and tolerance against a wide range of stresses including heat, MV and heavy metals (Zhao et al 2005;Lee et al 2007b). …”

Section: Reduced Electrolyte Leakage and Lipid Peroxidation In Transgsupporting

confidence: 93%

Enhanced tolerance of transgenic tall fescue plants overexpressing 2-Cys peroxiredoxin against methyl viologen and heat stresses

et al. 2009

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Plant 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prx) has both peroxidase and chaperon function. We overexpressed an Arabidopsis 2-Cys Prx in transgenic tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) plants to confer tolerance against heat and methyl viologen (MV) stress. Transgenic plants were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation, and integration and expression of the transgene was confirmed by Southern, northern and western blot analyses. Compared to control plants, transgenic plants had significantly less electrolyte leakage and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) when exposed to heat or MV. Under heat stress (42 degrees C), transgenic plants maintained their chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) for 24 h while control plants lost chlorophyll fluorescence very quickly. We conclude that the high levels of 2-Cys Prx proteins in transgenic plants protect leaves from oxidative damage probably due to chaperon activity.

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Section: Reduced Electrolyte Leakage and Lipid Peroxidation In Transgsupporting

confidence: 93%

Enhanced tolerance of transgenic tall fescue plants overexpressing 2-Cys peroxiredoxin against methyl viologen and heat stresses

et al. 2009

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“…Moreover, it inactivates antioxidant enzymes which are very important for H 2 O 2 scavenging such as catalases (Kono and Fridovich, 1983) and peroxides (Esfandiari et al, 2007). Candan and Tarhan (2003); Martinez et al (2001);Scandalios (1993); Sen Gupta et al (1993); Zhao et al (2006) and Esfandiari et al (2007) had similar findings and expressed that the increase in SOD activity and decrease in oxidative damage were closely related.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Potassium Levels on Antioxidant Enzymes and Malondialdehyde Content under Drought Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Soleimanzadeh¹

2010

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: Drought stress as a major adverse factor can lower leaf water potential, leading to reduced turgor and some other responses and ultimately lower crop productivity in arid and semi arid zones. Sunflower is one of the main oil seed crops in Iran, where drought stress is the most limiting factor. Drought stress tolerance requires the activation of complex metabolic activities including antioxidative pathways, especially Activated Oxygen Species (AOS) and scavenging systems within the cells which can contribute to continued growth under drought stress. Approach: To evaluate the effect of limited irrigation systems and potassium fertilizer on grain yield, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation biomarker (MDA), the crop was sown in the Research Farm of College of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch in 2009. The experimental treatments were arranged as split plots based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The main plots were allocated to three different irrigation regimes. The irrigation regimes comprised of: Full Irrigation (IR 1 ), Moderate drought stress (IR 5 ) and Severe drought stress (IR 2 ). The subplots were allocated to four potassium chemical fertilizer (Potassium nitrate) consisting of K 1 = 25, K 2 = 50, K 3 = 75 and K 4 = 100% recommended. Results: Plants under drought stress and potassium levels showed a significant increase and decrease, respectively, in SOD, CAT and GPX activity and MDA in compared to control plants. In this context, plants with higher levels of potassium showed higher resistance to drought stress conditions and higher yield and dry matter allocation to grain filling process i.e. harvest index. Results of this study suggested that drought stress leads to production of oxygen radicals, which results in increased lipid peroxidation (MDA biomarker) and oxidative stress in the plant. Conclusion: The scavenging of AOS by the scavenging system especially by SOD, CAT and GPX was done well and damage to membranes or MDA was controlled at higher levels of potassium.

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“…Consistent with these facts, the substitution of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ENA1 (ScENA1) ATPase for the SOD2 antiporter of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (SpSOD2) (5) and the opposite substitution of the SpSOD2 antiporter for the ENA1 ATPase of S. cerevisiae (28) do not reveal any important functional advantage of the ATPase because these yeasts are acidophilic. Furthermore, the expression of SpSOD2 in plant cells (23,57) apparently provides more benefits than the expression of ScENA1 (41). ENA ATPases are indispensable for growth when the Na ϩ and K ϩ concentrations are high in alkaline environments (8,12), because in these environments, the transmembrane ⌬pH would drive cation uptake instead of cation efflux if electroneutral antiporters are functional.…”

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confidence: 99%

Growth at High pH and Sodium and Potassium Tolerance in Media above the Cytoplasmic pH Depend on ENA ATPases in Ustilago maydis

et al. 2009

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Potassium and Na؉ effluxes across the plasma membrane are crucial processes for the ionic homeostasis of cells. In fungal cells, these effluxes are mediated by cation/H ؉ antiporters and ENA ATPases. We have cloned and studied the functions of the two ENA ATPases of Ustilago maydis, U. maydis Ena1 (UmEna1) and UmEna2. UmEna1 is a typical K ؉ or Na ؉ efflux ATPase whose function is indispensable for growth at pH 9.0 and for even modest Na ؉ or K ؉ tolerances above pH 8.0. UmEna1 locates to the plasma membrane and has the characteristics of the low-Na ؉ /K ؉ -discrimination ENA ATPases. However, it still protects U. maydis cells in high-Na ؉ media because Na ؉ showed a low cytoplasmic toxicity. The UmEna2 ATPase is phylogenetically distant from UmEna1 and is located mainly at the endoplasmic reticulum. The function of UmEna2 is not clear, but we found that it shares several similarities with Neurospora crassa ENA2, which suggests that endomembrane ENA ATPases may exist in many fungi. The expression of ena1 and ena2 transcripts in U. maydis was enhanced at high pH and at high K ؉ and Na ؉ concentrations. We discuss that there are two modes of Na ؉ tolerance in fungi: the high-Na ؉ -content mode, involving ENA ATPases with low Na ؉ /K ؉ discrimination, as described here for U. maydis, and the low-Na ؉ -content mode, involving Na ؉ -specific ENA ATPases, as in Neurospora crassa.Potassium is the most abundant cation in all types of living cells. Na ϩ , which is fairly abundant in many natural environments, can partially substitute for K ϩ but becomes toxic above a certain Na ϩ /K ϩ ratio (47). Therefore, the homeostatic processes that regulate the steady-state concentrations of K ϩ and Na ϩ in cells as well as the systems that mediate the transport of these cations across the plasma membrane and some endomembranes are crucial for maintaining cell viability. Among all the transport processes involved, K ϩ and Na ϩ effluxes play an indispensable role, and therefore, they take place in all types of living cells. For instance, in animal cells, an essential Na,KATPase that mediates Na ϩ efflux and K ϩ uptake consumes 20 to 30% of the produced ATP (33). Fungal and plant cells do not have this animal-type Na,K-ATPase (10), but K ϩ or Na ϩ efflux ATPases, also called ENA ATPases, are present in every fungal species (12) and have also been described for some bryophytes (15). ENA ATPases are phylogenetically close to but functionally different from animal Na,K-ATPases. Unlike the latter, ENA ATPases pump out almost every alkali cation and not exclusively Na ϩ , and they do not mediate K ϩ uptake (14). The cation promiscuity of ENA ATPases may be an advantage in fungi because their membrane potential is very negative, and they can live in environments with high K ϩ concentrations, such as plant tissues or plant debris. In these environments, the energetic conditions that prevail for K ϩ efflux are similar to those prevailing for Na ϩ efflux in Na ϩ environments (12). Fungal ENA ATPases are, in most cases, not essential in acidic...

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Expression of yeast SOD2 in transgenic rice results in increased salt tolerance

Cited by 101 publications

References 33 publications

Enhanced tolerance of transgenic tall fescue plants overexpressing 2-Cys peroxiredoxin against methyl viologen and heat stresses

Enhanced tolerance of transgenic tall fescue plants overexpressing 2-Cys peroxiredoxin against methyl viologen and heat stresses

Effect of Potassium Levels on Antioxidant Enzymes and Malondialdehyde Content under Drought Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Growth at High pH and Sodium and Potassium Tolerance in Media above the Cytoplasmic pH Depend on ENA ATPases in Ustilago maydis

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